TABLE 4.
Comparison of blood biomarkers between EAHE and placebo groups.
| EAHE group (n = 20) | Placebo group (n = 21) | ||||
| Variables | Value | Intragroup p-value | Value | Intragroup p-value | Intergroup p-value |
| Calcium | |||||
| Baseline | 9.15 ± 0.29 | – | 9.23 ± 0.33 | – | 0.407 |
| Week 25 | 9.05 ± 0.34 | 0.406 | 9.06 ± 0.4 | 0.004* | 0.743 |
| Week 49 | 9.08 ± 0.2 | 0.238 | 9.12 ± 0.47 | 0.23 | 0.545 |
| Albumin | |||||
| Baseline | 4.62 ± 0.29 | – | 4.35 ± 0.23 | – | 0.297 |
| Week 25 | 4.35 ± 0.24 | 0.336 | 4.28 ± 0.31 | 0.387 | 0.503 |
| Week 49 | 4.28 ± 0.26 | 0.657 | 4.14 ± 0.22 | 0.004* | 0.136 |
| Hb | |||||
| Baseline | 13.35 ± 1.93 | – | 13.82 ± 1.55 | – | 0.251 |
| Week 25 | 13.04 ± 1.6 | 0.102 | 12.73 ± 3.27 | 0.003* | 0.411 |
| Week 49 | 13.29 ± 1.58 | 0.822 | 13.4 ± 1.69 | 0.009* | 0.611 |
| Hcy | |||||
| Baseline | 11.44 ± 4.52 | – | 11.39 ± 4.6 | – | 1 |
| Week 25 | 9.23 ± 2.96 | 0.007* | 10.11 ± 3.57 | 0.099 | 0.449 |
| Week 49 | 9.42 ± 3.05 | 0.012* | 11.85 ± 6.56 | 0.794 | 0.225 |
| SOD | |||||
| Baseline | 66.94 ± 10.43 | – | 62.39 ± 11 | – | 0.411 |
| Week 25 | 66.63 ± 13.89 | 0.737 | 65.52 ± 13.98 | 0.274 | 0.917 |
| Week 49 | 48.39 ± 19.28 | 0.001* | 52.1 ± 17.76 | 0.021* | 0.715 |
| BDNF | |||||
| Baseline | 16817.78 ± 7269.27 | – | 14146.35 ± 5248.59 | – | 0.235 |
| Week 25 | 14790.69 ± 13578.16 | 0.117 | 9725.25 ± 6780.67 | 0.012* | 0.335 |
| Week 49 | 17943.1 ± 7356.27 | 0.654 | 13793.27 ± 5545.83 | 0.821 | 0.068 |
| DHEAS | |||||
| Baseline | 1.45 ± 1 | – | 1.11 ± 0.99 | – | 0.211 |
| Week 25 | 1.45 ± 0.97 | 0.627 | 1.08 ± 0.76 | 0.59 | 0.211 |
| Week 49 | 0.91 ± 1.07 | 0.167 | 0.87 ± 0.82 | 0.689 | 0.465 |
| α-ACT | |||||
| Baseline | 201499.24 ± 183201.7 | – | 205721.68 ± 186042.47 | – | 0.766 |
| Week 25 | 5438979.8 ± 5500347 | 0.001* | 4130525.7 ± 4307187.3 | <0.001* | 0.584 |
| Week 49 | 367337.35 ± 263536.7 | 0.019* | 426465.17 ± 267768.25 | 0.017* | 0.175 |
| APOE4 | |||||
| Baseline | 141.45 ± 137.36 | – | 144.47 ± 230.67 | – | 0.167 |
| Week 25 | 33.52 ± 28.7 | 0.01* | 29.81 ± 29.63 | 0.073 | 0.549 |
| Week 49 | 30.19 ± 35.04 | 0.001* | 20.52 ± 20.01 | <0.001* | 0.511 |
| β-amyloid | |||||
| Baseline | 125.47 ± 86.34 | – | 104.11 ± 73.49 | – | 0.404 |
| Week 25 | 156.24 ± 94.38 | 0.086 | 124.59 ± 74.04 | 0.244 | 0.397 |
| Week 49 | 313.32 ± 122.45 | 0.015* | 317.77 ± 124.98 | 0.001* | 0.531 |
Values are given as mean ± SD. Hb = hemoglobin; Hcy = homocysteine; SOD = superoxide dismutase; BDNF = brain-derived neurotrophic factor; DHEAS = dehydroepiandrosterone-sulphate; α-ACT = alpha 1-antichymotrypsin; APOE4 = apolipoprotein E4; β-amyloid = amyloid-beta peptide 1–40. *p < 0.05.