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. 2020 Jun 3;11:1115. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01115

Figure 2.

Figure 2

S. sonnei induces IL-1β secretion through the NLRP3 inflammasome. (A,B) J774A.1 macrophages or BMDM were primed with 1 μg/ml LPS for 4 h and then treated with YVAD-CHO (A) or MCC950 (B) for 0.5 h. The cells were then infected with 50 MOI S. sonnei for an additional 20 h. The levels of IL-1β in the supernatants were measured by ELISA. (C,D) Wild-type or NLRP3 knockout J774A.1 macrophages were primed with 1 μg/ml LPS for 4 h and then infected with 50 MOI S. sonnei for an additional 20 h. The levels of IL-1β (C) and caspase-1 (D) in the supernatants were measured by ELISA and Western blotting, respectively. The ELISA data are expressed as the mean ± SD of four separate experiments. The Western blotting results are representative of three different experiments. * and *** indicate significant differences at the levels of p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively, compared to S. sonnei-infected cells (A,B) or untreated control cells (C) (one-way ANOVA with Dunnett's multiple comparisons test).