Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population, according to CHIP status (univariate analysis)
| All patients | Without baseline CAD | With baseline CAD | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHIP+ | CHIP− | CHIP+ | CHIP− | CHIP+ | CHIP− | |
| n (%) | 427 (22.6) | 1460 (77.4) | 134 (25.3) | 394 (74.7) | 293 (21.5) | 1066 (78.5) |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 75.0 (3.4)* | 74.4 (3.3) | 74.9 (3.2)* | 74.1 (3.3) | 75.0 (3.5)* | 74.583 (3.3) |
| Weight, mean (SD), kg | 77.5 (15.5) | 78.2 (14.4) | 77.0 (16.5) | 75.0 (14.9) | 77.8 (15.0) | 79.4 (14.1) |
| Height, mean (SD), m | 1.65 (0.09) | 1.66 (0.08) | 1.64 (0.10) | 1.63 (0.09) | 1.66 (0.08) | 1.67 (0.08) |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 28.197 (5.041) | 28.245 (4.423) | 28.390 (5.265) | 27.915 (4.446) | 28.108 (4.942) | 28.367 (4.410) |
| Male, n (%) | 292 (68.4) | 1044 (71.5) | 67 (50.0) | 183 (46.4) | 225 (76.8) | 861 (80.8) |
| Cardiovascular risk factors, n (%) | ||||||
| Dyslipidemia | 361 (84.5)* | 1287 (88.3) | 84 (62.7) | 267 (67.9) | 277 (94.5) | 1020 (95.8) |
| Hypertension | 327 (76.8) | 1095 (75.3) | 82 (61.7) | 239 (60.7) | 245 (83.6) | 856 (80.7) |
| Diabetes | 120 (28.1) | 408 (28.0) | 26 (19.4) | 73 (18.5) | 94 (32.1) | 335 (31.5) |
| Ever smoker | 301 (70.7) | 988 (67.7) | 79 (59.4) | 218 (55.3) | 222 (75.8) | 770 (72.3) |
| Current smoker | 21 (4.9) | 71 (4.9) | 1 (0.8)* | 18 (4.6) | 20 (6.8) | 53 (5.0) |
| CVD history, n (%) | ||||||
| Coronary heart disease | 293 (68.6) | 1066 (73.0) | — | — | — | — |
| Previous MI | 193 (45.3) | 649 (44.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 193 (66.1) | 649 (60.9) |
| Previous PCI | 130 (30.4)* | 550 (37.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 130 (44.4)* | 550 (51.6) |
| Previous CABG | 163 (38.2) | 601 (41.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 163 (55.6) | 601 (56.4) |
| Stroke | 42 (9.9) | 154 (10.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 42 (14.4) | 154 (14.5) |
| Angina | 250 (58.7) | 924 (63.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 250 (85.6) | 924 (87.1) |
| PVD | 85 (19.9) | 306 (21.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 85 (29.0) | 306 (28.8) |
| Angiography | 279 (65.3) | 1018 (69.7) | 15 (11.2) | 52 (13.2) | 264 (90.1) | 966 (90.6) |
| CHF | 72 (16.9) | 195 (13.4) | 1 (0.7) | 2 (0.5) | 71 (24.3)* | 193 (18.2) |
| Medication, n (%) | ||||||
| Aspirin | 310 (72.6) | 1123 (76.9) | 66 (49.3) | 193 (49.0) | 244 (83.3) | 930 (87.2) |
| Antiplatelet | 329 (77.0) | 1164 (79.7) | 67 (50.0) | 199 (50.5) | 262 (89.4) | 965 (90.5) |
| Statin | 360 (84.3) | 1276 (87.4) | 83 (61.9) | 259 (65.7) | 277 (94.5) | 1017 (95.4) |
| ACE | 144 (33.7) | 538 (36.8) | 24 (17.9) | 77 (19.5) | 120 (41.0) | 461 (43.2) |
| ARB | 157 (36.8) | 496 (34.0) | 43 (32.1) | 130 (33.0) | 114 (38.9) | 366 (34.3) |
| Beta-blockers | 287 (67.2) | 970 (66.4) | 55 (41.0) | 143 (36.3) | 232 (79.2) | 827 (77.6) |
| Lipids, mean (SD), mmol/L | ||||||
| Total cholesterol | 3.89 (1.00) | 3.86 (0.98) | 4.44 (1.02) | 4.59 (1.11) | 3.63 (0.88) | 3.59 (0.76) |
| Triglycerides | 1.92 (1.03) | 1.99 (1.02) | 1.92 (1.08) | 2.04 (1.03) | 1.93 (1.00) | 1.97 (1.01) |
| HDL | 1.23 (0.37) | 1.22 (0.36) | 1.32 (0.36) | 1.34 (0.42) | 1.19 (0.36) | 1.18 (0.33) |
| LDL | 1.80 (0.84) | 1.75 (0.83) | 2.28 (0.89) | 2.36 (0.99) | 1.58 (0.71) | 1.52 (0.62) |
| hs-CRP mg/L, median (IQR), min-max | ||||||
| hs-CRP | 1.60 (2.96),* 0.09-115.0 | 1.41 (2.29), 0.08-80.70 | 1.55 (2.99), 0.09-92.80 | 1.45 (2.23), 0.08-61.30 | 1.60 (2.88),* 0.09-115.0 | 1.39 (2.30), 0.08-80.70 |
| Cancer history, n (%) | ||||||
| Any cancer | 89 (20.8) | 257 (17.6) | 26 (19.4) | 67 (17.0) | 63 (21.5) | 190 (17.8) |
| Hematological cancer | 6 (1.4) | 17 (1.1) | 3 (2.2)* | 0 (0.0) | 3 (1.0) | 17 (1.5) |
| Incident/recurrent cancer, n (%) | ||||||
| Any cancer | 34 (7.9) | 111 (7.6) | 11 (8.2) | 25 (6.3) | 23 (7.8) | 86 (8.0) |
| Hematological cancer | 7 (1.6) | 21 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.5) | 2 (0.6) | 4 (0.3) |
ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin receptor blockers; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; IQR, interquartile range; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; SD: standard deviation.
*
P < .05 per Fisher’s exact test or Kruskal-Wallis 2-sided significance test.