Table 2.
Summary of neuropsychological assessment scores and MRI findings. Means ± standard deviations are reported for normally distributed continuous measures. Median and interquartile range are reported for the WMH volume as they were not normally distributed. Number of individuals with 1 or more lacunes or CMBs are reported. ANOVA comparison group p-values reported.
| Overall (n = 92) | NC (n = 22) | CAA (n = 34) | MCI (n = 21) | AD (n = 15) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MMSE | 26.9 ± 3.3 | 29.4 ± 1.2 | 26.6 ± 3.1 | 27.2 ± 2.3 | 23.7 ± 4.1 | <0.001 |
| Memory z-score | −0.02 ± 0.90 | 0.85 ± 0.60 | −0.10 ± 0 0.86 | −0.21 ± 0.65 | −0.89 ± 0.50 | <0.001 |
| Executive Function z-score | 0.01 ± 0.87 | 0.72 ± 0.59 | −0.20 ± 0.86 | 0.07 ± 0.59 | −0.64 ± 0.89 | <0.001 |
| Processing Speed z-score | −0.05 ± 0.92 | 0.72 ± 0.65 | −0.50 ± 0.88 | 0.26 ± 0.49 | −0.59 ± 0.94 | <0.001 |
| WMH Volume (mL) | 8.1 [3.0–22.5] | 2.4 [0.3–4.7] | 26.6 [11.8–52.9] | 6.0 [3.0–11.4] | 7.9 [4.3–10.6] | <0.001 |
| WMH volume (% ICV) | 0.62 [0.2–3.1] | 0.15 [0.11–0.32] | 1.83 [0.86–3.82] | 0.41 [0.26–0.83] | 0.56 [33–0.72] | <0.001 |
| Log WMH volume (% ICV) | 2.10 ± 1.35 | −1.78 ± 1.13 | 0.50 ± 0.98 | −0.75 ± 1.15 | −0.68 ± 0.84 | <0.001 |
| CMB (%) | 42 (46.2) | 3 (13.6) | 33 (97.1) | 4 (19.1) | 2 (14.3) | <0.001 |
| Lacune baseline (%) | 20 (21.7) | 4 (18.2) | 10 (29.4) | 3 (14.3) | 3 (20.0) | 0.56 |
| Lacune follow-up (%) | 17 (25.4) n = 67 | 2 (14.3) n = 14 | 11 (37.5) n = 27 | 2 (13.3) n = 15 | 2 (18.2) n = 11 | 0.23 |
| cSS (%) | 18 (19.8) | 0 | 18 (52.9) | 0 | 0 | <0.001 |
| Mean Cortical Thickness (mm) | 2.36 ± 0.12 | 2.38 ± 0.11 | 2.37 ± 0.10 | 2.39 ± 0.08 | 2.28 ± 0.17 | 0.03 |
| PSMD baseline (×10−4 mm2/s) | 4.07 ± 1.43 | 3.25 ± 0.49 | 4.97 ± 1.69 | 3.62 ± 1.09 | 3.89 ± 1.05 | 0.002 |
| PSMD follow-up (×10−4 mm2/s) | 4.52 ± 1.51 (n = 64) | 3.76 ± 0.82 (n = 15) | 5.50 ± 1.49 (n = 24) | 4.14 ± 1.58 (n = 17) | 4.03 ± 1.13 (n = 11) | <0.001 |
| ΔPSMD (×10−4 mm2/s) | 0.42 ± 0.53 | 0.46 ± 0.63 | 0.52 ± 0.41 | 0.42 ± 0.85 | 0.33 ± 0.15 | 0.71 |
| Annualized ΔPSMD (%) | 10.2 ± 11.2 | 11.7 ± 11.1 | 11.0 ± 9.6 | 10.5 ± 16.7 | 8.8 ± 5.2 | 0.94 |
| MD baseline (×10−4 mm2/s) | 8.57 ± 0.67 | 8.10 ± 0.42 | 9.03 ± 0.68 | 8.42 ± 0.58 | 8.49 ± 0.43 | <0.001 |
| MD follow-up (×10−4 mm2/s) | 8.74 ± 0.70 | 8.36 ± 0.39 | 9.21 ± 0.66 | 8.48 ± 0.70 | 8.42 ± 0.44 | 0.002 |
| ΔMD (×10−4 mm2/s) | 0.11 ± 0.22 | 0.15 ± 0.16 | 0.17 ± 0.21 | 0.04 ± 0.26 | 0.12 ± 0.04 | 0.09 |