Figure 8.

Different strategies in the development of hybrid fabrication technologies (T1, T2, T3). A) Schematic demonstration of two different strategies for the hybridization of different manufacturing technologies: strategy 1 based on construction of integrated fabrication assembly line consisted of separate biofabrication devices (T1+T2+T3) and strategy 2 based on combination of different biofabrication technologies integrated into one single multifunctional device (T1/T2/T3). B) A practical implementation of strategy 1: a multifunctional printer concept incorporating several types of heads that allow hybrid fabrication. C) A practical example of implementation of strategy 2 as a biofabrication assembly line developed to automate tissue construct preparation. (B) is previously unpublished and was kindly provided by Dr. Felix Wunner and Professor Dietmar Hutmacher. (C) is previously unpublished and was kindly provided by Tom Bollenbach, Ph.D., ARMI | BioFabUSA.