Table 1.
Comparative advantages and disadvantages of different selected fabrication technologies used within TERM and biofabrication
| Technology 1 (T1) | Technology 2 (T2) | Advantages | Disadvantages | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solution Electrospinning | Electrospraying | Low cost; simple to establish; | Lack of polymer/solvent options; generation of airborne particles; | [ 39 ] |
| Solution Electrospinning | Extrusion‐based Printing | Low cost; high total volume; surface area; improved in vitro | Solvent use; volume fraction occupied by polymer high; | [ 43 , 48 , 49 , 50 ] |
| Solution Electrospinning | Inkjet | Cell deposition control; | Solvent use; electrospun substrate required on fluid; small pore size; | [ 41 ] |
| Extrusion‐based Printing | Extrusion‐based Bioprinting | High total volume; | Volume fraction occupied by polymer high; | [ 40 , 54 ] |
| 2PP | Spheroids | Individual building blocks have mm sizes; | High establishment cost; requires better seeding efficiency; | [ 46 ] |
| Extrusion‐based Printing | Spheroids | Dispensing control; mm‐sized cell building blocks; | Complex printer; volume fraction occupied by polymer high; | [ 20 , 70 ] |
| MEW | Spheroids | Low polymer fraction; design variations; | Time to manufacture; manual seeding; | [ 32 , 81 ] |
| MEW | Extrusion‐based Bioprinting | Low polymer fraction reinforcement; | Commercial or custom‐built printer required; | [ 97 ] |
| MEW | Electrospinning | Reinforcement of solution electrospun tube with minimal layers; MEW layers align cells; | Custom‐built printer required; | [ 21 ] |
| Melt Electrospinning | Electrospraying | Decoupling scaffold mechanics from level of drug delivery; | Airborne generation of small particles; ventilation and safety required for electrospraying; | [ 100 ] |