Table 2.
Demographic, biochemical, and clinical characteristics of female and male obese subjects recruited in the study, subdivided into the two groups with or without metabolic syndrome, who underwent the 3-week BWRP.
| Female Obese Subjects | ||||
| Parameter | Without Metabolic Syndrome | With Metabolic Syndrome | ||
| Before | After | Before | After | |
| N. | 665 | - | 1035 | - |
| Age (yr) | 46.3 ± 15.3 a | - | 54.1 ± 12.2 | - |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 42.6 ± 5.3 a | 40.8 ± 5.1 b | 43.9 ± 6.6 | 42.1 ± 6.4 b |
| TOT-CHOL (mg/dL) | 191.9 ± 35.6 a | 169.5 ± 31.3 b | 198.6 ± 38.4 | 172.2 ± 35.4 b |
| HDL-CHOL (mg/dL) | 56.8 ± 12.1 a | 47.1 ± 10.3 b | 46.6 ± 11.4 | 40.4 ± 9.3 b |
| DBP (mmHg) | 76.0 ± 7.7 a | 73.8 ± 6.4 b | 77.5 ± 7.4 | 74.7 ± 6.5 b |
| SBP (mmHg) | 125.0 ± 13.4 a | 119.8 ± 8.9 b | 130.2 ± 13.5 | 122.3 ± 9.7 b |
| CHD score | 3.0 ± 5.6 a | 3.3 ± 5.8 b | 8.8 ± 4.9 | 8.4 ± 5.1 b |
| FSS | 34.9 ± 12.8 a | 27.1 ± 11.7 b | 39.2 ± 12.8 | 30.3 ± 12.0 b |
| SCT (s) | 5.7 ± 1.8 a | 5.4 ± 1.8 b | 6.5 ± 1.9 | 6.2 ± 1.9 b |
| MALE Obese Subjects | ||||
| Parameter | Without Metabolic Syndrome | With Metabolic Syndrome | ||
| Before | After | Before | After | |
| N. | 61 | - | 161 | - |
| Age (yr) | 44.1 ± 15.8 a | - | 48.7 ± 14.0 | - |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 41.9 ± 5.4 | 39.8 ± 5.2 b | 43.2 ± 6.5 | 41.0 ± 6.3 b |
| TOT-CHOL (mg/dL) | 183.4 ± 33.8 a | 152.0 ± 22.7 b | 193.9 ± 35.0 | 158.2 ± 29.5 b |
| HDL-CHOL (mg/dL) | 46.9 ± 10.2a | 40.4 ± 9.6 b | 39.5 ± 9.2 | 35.6 ± 8.0 b |
| DBP (mmHg) | 78.7 ± 9.7 | 74.7 ± 6.6 b | 78.0 ± 9.5 | 75.2 ± 7.0 b |
| SBP (mmHg) | 131.1 ± 17.2 | 121.3 ± 10.1 b | 131.8 ± 14.2 | 121.8 ± 9.5 b |
| CHD score | 4.3 ± 3.0 a | 2.9 ± 3.6 b | 6.3 ± 3.3 | 4.4 ± 3.7 b |
| FSS | 30.1 ± 11.3 | 24.9 ± 9.8 b | 32.4 ± 12.4 | 26.8 ± 10.3 b |
| SCT (s) | 5.5 ± 1.6 | 5.2 ± 1.5 b | 5.7 ± 1.7 | 5.4 ± 1.6 b |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; TOT-CHOL, total cholesterol; HDL-chol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure; CHD, coronary heart disease; FSS, fatigue severity score; SCT, stair climbing test. a: p < 0.05 vs. group with metabolic syndrome; b: p < 0.05 vs. the corresponding group before BWRP.