Figure 2.

Scheme of the immunomodulating role of vitamin D on AITD. Arrows illustrate increase (↑), decrease (↓) or regulation/modulation (↗) of specific actions, processes, cells, or molecules. Abbreviations: autoAb, autoantibodies; GD, Graves’ disease; HT, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis; IFN, Interferon; IL, Interleukin; PPT, Post-partum thyroiditis; Th, T helper; TNF, Tumor Necrosis Factor; TPOAb, anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies; TgAb, anti-thyroglobulin antibodies; TRAb, TSH receptor autoantibodies. Histological images are available at Histology Gallery, Yale Medical Cell Biology.