Table 1.

Potential for lactate treatment for illness and injury.

Resuscitation (Fluid, Electrolytes, Energy) [2,57,103]

Acidosis (Exogenous lactate infusion has an alkalotic effect) [103,114,174]

Regulation of Glycemia (Lactate is the major GNG precursor) [61,104,109,110]

Traumatic Brain Injury (Lactate is brain fuel and anti-inflammatory) [67]

Inflammation (via GPR81 binding down stream signaling lactate inhibit the inflammasome) [84]

Acute Pancreatitis and Hepatitis (Lactate is an energy substrate, a GNG precursor and anti-inflammatory agent) [84]

Myocardial Infarction, Cardiac Surgery and Acute Heart Failure (Lactate is heart fuel) [13,153]

Burns (Lactate is an energy substrate, a GNG precursor and anti-inflammatory agent) [157]

Sepsis (Lactate incorporation in a resuscitation fluids can support maintenance of blood pressure and circulation, help deliver antibiotics as well as energy substrate, a GNG precursor and have an anti-inflammatory effect) [55,103]

Dengue (Lactate is an energy substrate, a GNG precursor and anti-inflammatory agent) [155,174]

Cognition (Lactate readily crosses the Blood Brain Barrier, fuels neurons and stimulates secretion of BDNF, improves executive function and memory) [77,83,135]

Wound healing [88] and muscle regeneration after injury [118,163].