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Schematic overview of epigenetic changes induced by physical exercise. DNA methylation, histone modification, and ncRNAs regulation are the main mechanisms related to changes in the expression of the relevant genes responsible for numerous changes/adaptation during physiological and pathological conditions. DNMTs, DNA methyltransferase; M, methylation; HATs, histone acetyiltransferases; HDACs, histone deacetyiltransferases; ncRNA, non-coding RNA; mRNA, messenger RNA.
