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. 2020 May 14;12(5):1408. doi: 10.3390/nu12051408

Table 4.

Frequency and percentage of students in academic programs related to nutrition and culinary art with correct knowledge on cooking methods and techniques, and adequate application of culinary competencies and knowledge.

Variables Students with Correct Knowledge or Adequate Competencies
n %
Knowledge on cooking methods and techniques
Definition of boiling 89 95.7
Definition of microwave cooking 85 91.4
Using spices to add flavor to food without using salt or fat 84 90.3
Cooking technique for the retention of chlorophyll. 32 34.4
Sous-vide reduces food mass 31 33.3
Using low sodium salt to add flavor to food without using additional salt or fat 16 17.2
Culinary competencies
Food preservation techniques 64 68.8
Cooking carbohydrates 89 95.7
Reading recipes 82 88.1
Using leftovers to prepare new meals 51 54.8
Cooking technique: boil 89 95.7
Cooking technique: steam 89 95.7
Cooking technique: sous-vide 43 46.2
Cooking technique: baking 84 90.3
Cooking technique: smoked 54 58.1
Cooking method: fat 56 60.2
Application of knowledge
Prepares meal with more than three ingredients 78 83.8
Visualize food and its plating before cooking 76 81.7
Use of measuring equipment while cooking from scratch 51 54.8
Preparation of grocery list and plan what to eat daily or during the week 46 49.5