Table 2.
Historical excursus of publications on CD-based NSs employed in food, textile, environmental fields, etc.
| Years | Nanosponge/Crosslinker | Adsorbate | Field | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1980–2000 | CDs/HMDI, phenyl isocyanate, EPI | Naringin, limonin, debittering of grapefruit juice, | Food | [23] |
| CDs/EPI | Caffeine, vanillin and theobromine | [24] | ||
| CDs / EPI, HMDI and Phenyl isocyanate | Textile dyes | Textile | [25] | |
| Aromatic pollutants, such as phenol, p-nitrophenol, benzoic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid, β-naphthol, chlorophenols and 4-tert-butylbenzoic acid | Environment | [26] | ||
| CDs/HMDI or toluene 2,6-diisocyanate | Organic pollutants | Water Treatment (Environment) | [119] | |
| 2000–2009 | β-CD/EPI | Naphthalene, 2-naphthol and naproxen | Water Treatment (Environment) | [29] |
| CDs/CDI, DMC | Chlorinated persistent organic pollutants (POPs) | Water Treatment (Environment) | [32] | |
| CD/HMDI or toluene-2,4-diisocyanate | p-nitrophenol and pentachlorophenol, | [30] | ||
| β-CD/PMDA | Heavy metals (Al (III), Mn (II), Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II), Cd (II) etc.) | Water Treatment (Environment) | [35] | |
| Carcinogenic N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) | Water Treatment (Environment) | [34] | ||
| Carbonate NSs | Increase the thermostability, pH stability and storage stability of catechol 1,2-dioxygenase | As a substrate for enzyme immobilization | [39] | |
| 2010–2019 | β-CD/DPC | Phosphorus derivatives | Flame retardancy | [64] |
| α, β, γ-CD / CDI; PMDA | Oxygen | Hypoxia/Reoxygenation and Biomedical application | [41,120] | |
| β-CD /CDI | Oxygen, carbon dioxide and 1-methylcyclopropene 1-MCP carriers. | biomedical, environmental and floriculture application | [40] | |
| β-CD/PMDA | Iron fertilizer | Agricultural application | [62] | |
| CD/DPC | Xanthene derivatives | Catalytic Activity | [121] | |
| CD/CDI | Coriander essential oil | food packaging | [122] |