Table 1.
Distribution of the utilisation of breast cancer screening services
| Participants characteristics | Africa | Asia | Europe | North America | South America | Overall |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predisposing factors | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) |
| Age in years | ||||||
| 40–44 years | 54.07 (52.82, 55.31) | 50.93 (49.99, 51.86) | 72.50 (68.10, 76.50) | 43.27 (41.59, 44.96) | 31.55 (28.37, 34.91) | 50.39 (49.72, 51.05) |
| ≥ 45 years | 45.93 (44.69, 47.18) | 49.07 (48.14, 50.01) | 27.50 (23.50, 31.90) | 56.73 (55.04, 58.41) | 68.45 (65.09, 71.63) | 49.61 (48.95, 50.28) |
| Educational level | ||||||
| No education | 8.28 (7.62, 8.99) | 17.07 (16.38, 17.79) | 0.20 (0.02, 1.63) | 03.82 (03.22, 04.52) | 02.33 (01.48, 03.67) | 11.67 (11.25, 12.11) |
| Primary | 41.21 (39.98, 42.44) | 09.81 (09.27, 10.38) | 46.72 (42.07, 51.44) | 54.79 (53.09, 56.47) | 26.40 (23.41, 29.62) | 26.97 (26.39, 27.57) |
| Secondary | 39.06 (37.85, 40.28) | 47.88 (46.95, 48.82) | 43.67 (39.07, 48.39) | 29.96 (28.43, 31.54) | 33.72 (30.48, 37.13) | 42.03 (41.38, 42.69) |
| Higher | 11.46 (10.69, 12.27) | 25.24 (24.44, 26.06) | 9.41 (7.00, 12.54) | 11.43 (10.40, 12.56) | 37.55 (34.20, 41.02) | 19.32 (18.80, 19.85) |
| Head of the household | ||||||
| Female | 58.37 (57.14, 59.59) | 87.69 (87.06, 88.29) | 97.5 (95.52, 98.62) | 62.46 (60.80, 64.09) | 86.44 (83.84, 88.68) | 75.62 (75.05, 76.19) |
| Male | 41.63 (40.41, 42.86) | 12.31 (11.71, 12.94) | 2.50 (1.38, 4.48) | 37.54 (35.91, 39.20) | 13.56 (11.32, 16.16) | 24.38 (23.81, 24.95) |
| Age of respondent at 1st birth | ||||||
| < 18 years | 21.75 (20.74, 22.8) | 14.18 (13.52, 14.87) | 0.41 (0.09, 1.79) | 23.68 (22.26, 25.16) | 14.37 (12.00, 17.11) | 17.64 (17.13, 18.17) |
| 18–20 years | 34.87 (33.69, 36.07) | 32.09 (31.20, 33.00) | 13.67 (10.72, 17.27) | 33.72 (32.13, 35.34) | 26.03 (22.98, 29.34) | 32.58 (31.95, 33.22) |
| 21–25 years | 31.3 (30.16, 32.47) | 40.36 (39.42, 41.31) | 59.82 (55.09, 64.37) | 30.01 (28.47, 31.59) | 31.41 (28.14, 34.87) | 36.13 (35.49, 36.79) |
| > 25 years | 12.07 (11.28, 12.91) | 13.37 (12.72, 14.04) | 26.10 (22.15, 30.48) | 12.59 (11.51, 13.77) | 28.19 (25.04, 31.57) | 13.64 (13.18, 14.11) |
| Number of Births | ||||||
| < 4 | 29.83 (28.7, 30.98) | 19.68 (18.92, 20.46) | 81.39 (77.44, 84.78) | 42.77 (41.09, 44.46) | 80.34 (77.39, 82.99) | 29.82 (29.21, 30.44) |
| 4–5 | 32.4 (31.24, 33.58) | 35.53 (34.61, 36.46) | 16.76 (13.53, 20.58) | 32.72 (31.14, 34.33) | 15.36 (12.99, 18.08) | 33.03 (32.40, 33.67) |
| > 5 | 37.77 (36.57, 38.99) | 44.80 (43.84, 45.76) | 1.85 (0.93, 3.66) | 24.52 (23.08, 26.01) | 04.30 (03.08, 05.98) | 37.15 (36.50, 37.80) |
| Enabling factors | ||||||
| Mass media exposure | ||||||
| No | 23.29 (22.24, 24.36) | 65.66 (64.77, 66.55) | 49.03 (44.35, 53.74) | 22.16 (20.78, 23.62) | 15.76 (13.36, 18.50) | 44.87 (44.21, 45.54) |
| Yes | 76.71 (75.64, 77.76) | 34.34 (33.45, 35.23) | 50.97 (46.26, 55.65) | 77.84 (76.38, 79.22) | 84.24 (81.50, 86.64) | 55.13 (54.46, 55.79) |
| Health Insurance coverage | ||||||
| No | 70.38 (69.23, 71.5) | 82.87 (81.32, 84.31) | 72.55 (68.15, 76.55) | 70.03 (68.44, 71.56) | 71.49 (69.23, 71.5) | 72.82 (72.03, 73.60) |
| Yes | 29.62 (28.50, 30.77) | 17.13 (15.69, 18.68) | 27.45 (23.45, 31.85) | 29.97 (28.44, 31.56) | 28.51 (28.50, 30.77) | 27.18 (26.40, 27.97) |
| Nutritional status | ||||||
| Underweight | 4.33 (3.78, 4.96) | 04.27 (03.84, 04.75) | 1.12 (0.98, 2.23) | 0.99 (0.70, 1.39) | 4.23 (3.84, 4.75) | 3.49 (3.22, 3.79) |
| Normal weight | 35.23 (33.86, 36.63) | 27.86 (26.87, 28.88) | 36.28 (32.84, 41.94) | 17.65 (16.38, 18.98) | 27.86 (26.87, 28.88) | 28.11 (27.42, 28.82) |
| Overweight | 60.44 (59.01, 61.85) | 67.86 (66.81, 68.90) | 62.60 (58.07, 67.16) | 81.37 (80.00, 82.66) | 67.91 (66.81, 68.90) | 68.39 (67.67, 69.11) |
| Community | ||||||
| Urban | 45.91 (44.67, 47.15) | 65.54 (64.65, 66.42) | 45.61 (40.97, 50.33) | 71.95 (70.39, 73.45) | 84.50 (81.78, 86.88) | 61.20 (60.55, 61.85) |
| Rural | 54.09 (52.85, 55.33) | 34.46 (33.58, 35.35) | 54.39 (49.67, 59.03) | 28.05 (26.55, 29.61) | 15.50 (13.12, 18.22) | 38.80 (38.15, 39.45) |
| Economic status | ||||||
| Low | 27.68 (26.58, 28.8) | 24.80 (24.01, 25.62) | 32.82 (28.56, 37.39) | 23.18 (21.78, 24.65) | 25.69 (22.73, 28.89) | 29.19 (28.59, 29.79) |
| Moderate | 40.76 (39.54, 41.99) | 33.59 (32.71, 34.48) | 45.28 (40.65, 50.00) | 38.11 (36.47, 39.78) | 38.69 (35.32, 42.18) | 30.01 (29.41, 30.63) |
| High | 31.56 (30.42, 32.73) | 41.61 (40.69, 42.53) | 21.89 (18.24, 26.04) | 38.71 (37.06, 40.38) | 35.62 (32.32, 39.06) | 40.80 (40.15, 41.46) |
| Overall | 13.84 (13.53, 14.17) | 15.06 (14.80, 15.32) | 80.82 (77.27, 83.94) | 16.95 (16.43, 17.48) | 25.26 (23.76, 26.83) | 15.41 (15.22, 15.60) |