Table I:
Patient characteristics by use of “all eligible” or “not all eligible” GDT.
| Overall | “Receiving all eligible” | “Not receiving all eligible” | P-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 20,434 | 6,782 | 13,652 | |
| Age, yrs | 72.3 ± 10.8 | 71.8 ± 10.8 | 72.6 ± 10.7 | <0.001 |
| Sex (n, % female) | 8523 (41.7%) | 2782 (41.0%) | 5741 (42.0%) | 0.16 |
| Race | <0.001 | |||
| White | 17794 (87.1%) | 6022 (88.8%) | 11772 (86.3%) | |
| Black/African American | 1071 (5.3%) | 274 (4.0%) | 797 (5.8%) | |
| Asian | 256 (1.3%) | 80 (1.2%) | 176 (1.3%) | |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 57 (0.3%) | 17 (0.2%) | 40 (0.3%) | |
| Hispanic | 987 (4.8%) | 308 (4.5%) | 679 (5.0%) | |
| Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 20 (0.1%) | 10 (0.2%) | 10 (0.1%) | |
| Other | 234 (1.2%) | 69 (1.0%) | 165 (1.2%) | |
| Missing | 15 (0.1%) | 2 (<0.1%) | 13 (0.1%) | |
| Insurance | <0.001 | |||
| Medicare or Medicaid | 11454 (56.0%) | 3624 (53.4%) | 7830 (57.3%) | |
| Private | 7941 (38.9%) | 2804 (41.4%) | 5137 (37.6%) | |
| Cardiovascular comorbidities and risk factors | ||||
| Total number of GDT-eligible comorbidities | 3 (2–4) | 2 (2–3) | 3 (2–4) | <0.001 |
| Coronary artery disease | 6990 (34.2%) | 1692 (25.0%) | 5298 (38.8%) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 6294 (30.8%) | 835 (12.3%) | 5459 (40.0%) | <0.001 |
| Heart failure | 6001 (29.4%) | 1438 (21.2%) | 4563 (33.4%) | <0.001 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 14601 (74.4%) | 4863 (71.7%) | 9738 (71.3%) | 0.58 |
| Hypertension | 18474 (90.4%) | 6123 (90.3%) | 12351 (90.5%) | 0.67 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 2358 (11.5%) | 543 (8.0%) | 1815 (13.3%) | <0.001 |
| Obstructive sleep apnea | 4045 (19.8%) | 894 (13.2%) | 3151 (23.1%) | <0.001 |
| Other medical history | ||||
| Cancer | 4437 (21.7%) | 1455 (21.4%) | 2982 (21.8%) | 0.52 |
| Thyroid disease | 4051 (19.8%) | 1233 (18.2%) | 2818 (20.6%) | <0.001 |
| COPD | 2930 (14.3% | 768 (11.3%) | 2162 (15.8%) | <0.001 |
| Anemia | 2921 (14.3%) | 788 (11.6%) | 2133 (15.6%) | <0.001 |
| Prior stroke or transient ischemic attack | 2697 (13.2%) | 771 (11.4%) | 1926 (14.1%) | <0.001 |
| Frailty | 949 (4.7%) | 229 (3.4%) | 720 (5.3%) | <0.001 |
| GI bleed | 1391 (6.8%) | 387 (5.7%) | 1004 (7.4%) | <0.001 |
| Cognitive impairment/Dementia | 468 (2.3%) | 146 (2.2%) | 322 (2.4%) | 0.35 |
| Liver disease | 442 (2.2%) | 123 (1.8%) | 319 (2.3%) | 0.02 |
| Dialysis | 237 (1.2%) | 46 (0.7%) | 191 (1.4%) | <0.001 |
| CHA2DS2VASC Score | 4 (3–5) | 3 (2–4) | 4 (3–5) | <0.001 |
| On oral anticoagulation | 17285 (84.6%) | 5799 (85.5%) | 11486 (84.1%) | 0.01 |
| Laboratory data, median (IQR) | ||||
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 69.7 (55.4–85.3) | 73.6 (61.6–87.0) | 67.1 (52.3–84.0) | <0.001 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 13.5 (12.2–14.7) | 13.7 (12.5–14.8) | 13.4 (12.1–14.6) | <0.001 |
| Provider specialty | <0.001 | |||
| Cardiology | 13929 (68.2%) | 4625 (68.2%) | 9304 (68.2%) | |
| Electrophysiology | 3775 (18.5%) | 1318 (19.4%) | 2457 (18.0%) | |
| Internal medicine/Family practice | 2646 (13.0%) | 802 (11.8%) | 1844 (13.5%) |
COPD = chronic obstructive lung disease; eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate; GDT = guideline directed medical therapy; IQR = interquartile range