FIGURE 3.

Functional categories of E. coli genes that are differentially regulated by ClO₂ treatments after 1 h, 2 h, and 3 h exposure. Colored bars represent the number of regulated genes assigned to functional categories. Positive bars denote the number of upregulated genes. Negative bars denote number of downregulated genes. Genes assigned to ‘other category’ and ‘unknown’ are not included in this figure.