Table 3.
Laboratory parameters, radiology, and treatments of cancer patients and matched noncancer controls
| Variables | Cancer (n = 109) | Non-cancer (n = 327) | P valuea |
|---|---|---|---|
| Laboratory parameters | |||
| White blood cell count (×109/L–median[IQR]) | 5.5 (4.3–7.3) | 5.7 (4.6–7.4) | 0.51 |
| Neutrophil count (×109/L–median[IQR]) | 3.9 (2.5–5.7) | 3.7 (2.7–5.3) | 0.88 |
| Lymphocyte count (×109/L–median[IQR]) | 1.0 (0.6–1.5) | 1.2 (0.8–1.6) | 0.0013b |
| Monocyte count (×109/L–median[IQR]) | 0.5 (0.3–0.6) | 0.5 (0.4–0.6) | 0.48 |
| Hemoglobin (g/L–median[IQR]) | 118 (95–130) | 126 (115–137) | < 0.0001b |
| Platelet count (×109/L–median[IQR]) | 196.0 (112.0–256.0) | 210.5 (164.0–282.0) | 0.0071b |
| Thrombin time (s–median[IQR]) | 16.1 (15.4–17.7) | 16.4 (15.7–17.2) | 0.33 |
| Prothrombin time (s–median[IQR]) | 14.1 (13.5–14.8) | 13.8 (13.2–14.3) | 0.015b |
| Activated partial thromboplastin time (s–median[IQR]) | 40.0 (37.2–45.8) | 38.2 (35.5–41.4) | 0.0003b |
| Antithrombin activity (%–median[IQR]) | 87 (79–97) | 93 (84–102) | 0.024b |
| International normalized ratio of prothrombin (median[IQR]) | 1.1 (1.0–1.2) | 1.1 (1.0–1.1) | 0.016b |
| D-dimer (μg/ml–median[IQR]) | 1.0 (0.4–2.4) | 0.7 (0.4–1.8) | 0.17 |
| Fibrinogen degradation products (μg/mL–median[IQR]) | 4.0 (4.0–7.4) | 4.0 (4.0–6.1) | 0.41 |
| Fibrinogen (g/L–median[IQR]) | 4.5 (3.5–5.6) | 4.3 (3.3–5.6) | 0.58 |
| Prothrombin time activity (%–median[IQR]) | 87 (80–96) | 91 (84–99) | 0.015b |
| Ferritin (ng/mL–median[IQR]) | 627.3 (318.7–2225.6) | 474.1 (251.3–841.6) | 0.0076b |
| Alanine aminotransferase (U/L–median[IQR]) | 19.0 (12.0–36.5) | 23.0 (16.0–37.0) | 0.064 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L–median[IQR]) | 27 (19–39) | 25 (19–37) | 0.72 |
| Albumin (g/L–median[IQR]) | 34.5 (30.5–38.8) | 36.2 (32.0–40.3) | 0.073 |
| Total bilirubin (μmol/L–median[IQR]) | 9.9 (6.6–13.8) | 9.5 (7–12.4) | 0.36 |
| Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L–median[IQR]) | 278 (195–401) | 245 (199–334) | 0.25 |
| Blood urea nitrogen (mmol/L–median[IQR]) | 5.1 (3.4–7.9) | 4.6 (3.6–5.9) | 0.16 |
| Creatinine (U/L–median[IQR]) | 66 (52–92) | 70 (60–82) | 0.26 |
| High sensitivity C-reactive protein (mg/L–median[IQR]) | 37.6 (5.9–84.1) | 10.8 (1.8–54.0) | 0.0003b |
| Glucose (mmol/L–median[IQR]) | 6.0 (5.4–7.4) | 5.9 (5.2–7.0) | 0.75 |
| Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (mm/h–median[IQR]) | 43 (16–72) | 27 (14–52) | 0.027b |
| Hypersensitive troponin I (pg/mL–median[IQR]) | 3.0 (1.9–10.4) | 2.9 (1.9–8.4) | 0.39 |
| Procalcitonin (ng/mL–median[IQR]) | 0.09 (0.05–0.32) | 0.05 (0.03–0.09) | < 0.0001b |
| Immunoglobulin A(g/L–median[IQR]) | 2.2 (1.5–3.0) | 2.3 (1.6–2.8) | 0.95 |
| Immunoglobulin G(g/L–median[IQR]) | 11.1 (8.0–14.8) | 10.8 (9.6–12.8) | 1.00 |
| Immunoglobulin M(g/L–median[IQR]) | 0.9 (0.6–1.1) | 0.9 (0.7–1.2) | 0.24 |
| Complement 3 (g/L–median[IQR]) | 0.8 (0.7–1.0) | 0.8 (0.7–0.9) | 0.84 |
| Complement 4 (g/L–median[IQR]) | 0.2 (0.2–0.3) | 0.2 (0.2–0.3) | 0.61 |
| Interleukin 1β(pg/mL–median[IQR]) | 5.0 (5.0–5.5) | 5.0 (5.0–5.0) | 0.041b |
| Interleukin 2 receptor (U/mL–median[IQR]) | 666 (396–1089) | 529 (348–856) | 0.030b |
| Interleukin 6 (pg/mL–median[IQR]) | 13.80 (4.3–38.9) | 5.4 (2.0–17.3) | 0.0001b |
| Interleukin 8 (pg/mL–median[IQR]) | 11.9 (6.7–20.6) | 11.6 (7.0–22.8) | 0.84 |
| Interleukin 10 (pg/mL–median[IQR]) | 5.0 (5.0–8.4) | 5.0 (5.0–5.2) | 0.0073b |
| Tumor necrosis factor α(pg/mL—median[IQR]) | 8.4 (6.4–11.1) | 7.7 (6.1–10.0) | 0.26 |
| Radiology (n[%]) | |||
| Multiple ground glass opacities and consolidation | 25 (22.9) | 90 (27.5) | 0.35 |
| Bilateral involvement on chest CT scan | 27 (24.8) | 98 (30.0) | 0.30 |
| Treatment (n[%]) | |||
| Ventilator | 26 (23.9) | 36 (11.0) | 0.0009b |
| Tracheal intubation | 9 (8.3) | 9 (2.8) | 0.012b |
| Oxygen therapy | 83 (76.2) | 235 (71.9) | 0.38 |
aP values comparing tumor and non-tumor patients are from χ2 test—Fisher’s exact test or Mann-Whitney U test
bSignificant at P < 0.05