Table I.
Baseline characteristics and quality of included studies
| Study | Study design | Participants | Sex | Size of tube (Fr) | Age (mean and SD or range) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| External drainage | Internal drainage EBS |
Male | Female | External drainage | Internal drainage EBS |
External drainage | Internal drainage EBS |
Total quality score | |||||
| ENBD | PTBD | ENBD | PTBD | ENBD | PTBD | ||||||||
| Jung et al. [9] | RC | 13 | 43 | 42 | 60 | 38 | 7 | 7–10 | 7–10 | 58.9 (42–77) | 65 (40–82) | 61.1 (29–80) | 7 |
| Sugiyama et al. [10] | RC | 38 | 0 | 38 | 19 | 57 | NA | – | NA | 69 (40–85) | – | 68 (49–80) | 6 |
| Huang et al. [11] | RC | 18 | 45 | 37 | 71 | 29 | 7 | 10 | 10 | 60.6 ±8.4 | 57.5 ±10.1 | 58.1 ±8.3 | 7 |
| Fujii et al. [12] | RC | 50 | 0 | 72 | 76 | 46 | 5–7 | – | 5 | 66.5 (39–83) | – | 67 (38–84) | 7 |
| Kishi et al. [13] | RC | 28 | 99 | 44 | 135 | 36 | NA | NA | NA | 65 (44–80) | 65 (31–82) | 65 (43–86) | 7 |
| Sasahira et al. [14] | RC | 166 | 0 | 253 | 106 | 60 | NA | – | NA | 70 (63–76) | – | 69 (62–75) | 7 |
| Kawakami et al. [15] | RC | 60 | 48 | 20 | 60 | 20 | 5–7 | 7–10 | 7–8.5 | 71 (45–81) | 71 (45–81) | 70 (59–77) | 7 |
| Kawakubo et al. [16] | RC | 85 | 0 | 33 | 74 | 44 | NA | – | NA | 69 ±9 for all patients | 6 | ||
| Kitahata et al. [17] | RC | 10 | 50 | 67 | NA | NA | 7 | 7 | NA | 70 ±9 | 68 ±8 | 6 | |
| Hashimoto et al. [18] | RC | 21 | 0 | 84 | NA | NA | 6 or 7.2 | – | 6–10 | NA | – | NA | 6 |
ENBD – endoscopic nasobiliary drainage, PTBD – percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage, EBS – endoscopic biliary stenting, NA – data not applicable, RC – retrospective case-control study.