Table 1.
Descriptive Statistics by Permanency Type
| Aged Out | Adopted | Reunified | Other Permanency |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 1,885 | 205 | 5,581 | 781 |
| Duration in care | ||||
| < 6 monthsbcdef | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.46 | 0.24 |
| 6 – 18 months* | 0.26 | 0.16 | 0.39 | 0.44 |
| 19–36 months* | 0.33 | 0.45 | 0.12 | 0.23 |
| 36 months +bcdef | 0.34 | 0.32 | 0.03 | 0.1 |
| Placement | ||||
| % Time in kinship careacdef | 0.16 (0.32) | 0.28 (0.42) | 0.15 (0.34) | 0.64 (0.43) |
| % Time in congregate care* | 0.33 (0.37) | 0.05 (0.17) | 0.56 (0.45) | 0.14 (0.30) |
| # of placementsabcf | 5.35 (4.94) | 2.68 (2.17) | 2.90 (3.05) | 2.46 (2.38) |
| Removal | ||||
| Multiple entriesabcdf | 0.28 | 0.15 | 0.25 | 0.18 |
| Age at first entry* | 14.99 (1.99) | 12.05 (2.21) | 14.53 (1.92) | 13.96 (2.17) |
| Genderbdf | ||||
| Male | 0.49 | 0.53 | 0.58 | 0.49 |
| Female | 0.51 | 0.47 | 0.42 | 0.51 |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||
| Blackbcdf | 0.31 | 0.30 | 0.21 | 0.25 |
| Whitebf | 0.55 | 0.57 | 0.62 | 0.54 |
| Asian | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
| American Indian | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.06 |
| Hispanic | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.09 |
| Multiracial | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.04 |
| Unknown | <.01 | <.01 | <.01 | <.01 |
| Birth year | ||||
| 1989df | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.06 | 0.04 |
| 1993ade | 0.13 | 0.02 | 0.13 | 0.11 |
| 1991 | 0.14 | 0.09 | 0.14 | 0.11 |
| 1992ade | 0.15 | 0.08 | 0.15 | 0.14 |
| 1993 | 0.17 | 0.12 | 0.14 | 0.14 |
| 1994 | 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.14 | 0.13 |
| 1995ade | 0.13 | 0.27 | 0.12 | 0.16 |
| 1996abcdf | 0.09 | 0.25 | 0.12 | 0.16 |
| SSI receipt in childhoodabc | 0.21 | 0.11 | 0.17 | 0.13 |
| Age 0 to 5: SNAP receiptbcdf | 0.70 | 0.74 | 0.67 | 0.82 |
| Age 0 to 5: Welfare receiptbcdf | 0.55 | 0.43 | 0.5 | 0.59 |
| Age 0 to 5: Mother incarceratedb | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.02 |
| Age 0 to 5: Mother’s mean wagesbde | 4387.28 (9295.81) |
4379.14 (6805.72) |
6198.28 (9525.92) |
4252.21 (6033.08) |
| Age 0 to 5: Mother’s mean quarters employedabc | 1.23 (1.27) | 1.41 (1.25) | 1.59 (1.38) | 1.47 (1.27) |
| Marital birth | 0.27 | 0.19 | 0.32 | 0.24 |
| Nonmarital birthabcdf | 0.58 | 0.67 | 0.53 | 0.68 |
| Unknown birth type | 0.15 | 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.09 |
| Num. of children to mother | 3.92 (2.33) | 3.97 (2.10) | 3.57 (2.01) | 3.88 (2.10) |
| Num. of fathers to mother’s children | 1.71 (1.18) | 1.80 (1.12) | 1.63 (1.06) | 1.93 (1.21) |
| Child support order | 0.65 | 0.69 | 0.70 | 0.73 |
| Maltreatment allegationsbdf | 0.75 | 0.79 | 0.62 | 0.75 |
| Sexual abuse or exploitationace | 0.30 | 0.32 | 0.22 | 0.20 |
| Physical abusebc | 0.40 | 0.35 | 0.33 | 0.30 |
| General neglectbdf | 0.47 | 0.52 | 0.31 | 0.52 |
| Supervision neglect | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.07 |
Note: 8,452 observations. Means (and standard deviations) or proportions presented.
*
All groups significantly different on this measure at p<.01.
a.
Aged out ≠ adopted.
b.
Aged out ≠ reunified.
c.
Aged out ≠ other permanency.
d.
Adopted ≠ reunified.
e.
Adopted ≠ other permanency.
f.
Reunified ≠ other permanency.