Fig. 7.

Illustration of the evolution of deconvolution algorithms for CTP, from independent voxel to local neighborhood, and to non-local regions. In the left independent model, every voxel is computed without consideration of spatial and temporal context. In the middle local TTV model, only the local neighborhoods (6 connected in 3D space and 2 connected in temporal domain) are used for robust deconvolution. In the right non-local TENDER model, non-local search of the broader neighborhood regions enable more robust estimation of the perfusion parameters.