a, Representative SA-β-Gal staining, CD140B IHC staining of cryosections from 36-week mouse liver sections (n=4 independent experiments with similar results). T: tumour. Scale bar: 100 μm. b, Representative p21 and FOXO4 IHC staining of 36-week mouse liver sections (n=3 independent experiments). T: Tumour. Scale bar: 100 μm. c, d, Representative α-SMA and γ-H2AX IHC staining (c) and quantification (% of α-SMA+) (d) of 36-week mouse liver sections. n=6 mice for each group. T: tumour. Scale bar: 100 μm. e, f, Representative IF staining (e) of IL6+/α-SMA+, GRO-α+/α-SMA+ and CXCL9+/α-SMA+ cells and quantification (% of α-SMA+) (f) in 24-week non-DEN GFP (n=6) and Cre (n=6) mouse liver sections. White arrowheads indicate cells with double positive staining. Scale bar: 50 μm. Graphs in d an f show mean ± SEM, and P values were calculated using a two-tailed t-test. Numerical source data are provided in Statistic Source Data Fig. 4.