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. 2020 Jun 10;10:9400. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-66417-8

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Pamoic acid (PA) prevents cerebral ischemia and improves sensorimotor dysfunction. A. PA treatment reduced infarct size 24 h after the MCAO at a dose of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg body weight. One-Way ANOVA, F_(2/19) = 32.54, ***P = 0.001, (Bonferroni multiple comparison test) Values are means ± s.e.m, (n for MCAO = 10, n for 50 mg/kg PA = 7, and n for 100 mg/kg PA = 5). B. PA significantly affected the infarct distribution 24 h after the MCAO at a dose of 100 mg/kg. Two-Way ANOVA, F_(1/70) = 45.1,**P ≤ 0.0065,***P = 0.0008, (Bonferroni multiple comparison test) Values are means ± s.e.m, n = 4. C. PA is neuroprotective 48 h after the MCAO at a dose of 100 mg/kg BW. *P = 0.0136 (unpaired t-test), values are means ± s.e.m, (n for MCAO = 6, and n for MCAO + PA = 7). D. PA treatment (100 mg/kg) lost its activity in the presence of ML194 (0.7 mg/kg, s.c, 20 min before PA injections) 24 h after the MCAO. One-Way ANOVA, F_(3/24) = 6.957, *P = 0.0256, **P ≤ 0.0055, (Bonferroni multiple comparison test) Values are means ± s.e.m, n = 6–8, (n for MCAO = 7, and n for MCAO + PA = 8, MCAO + PA + ML194 = 7, and MCAO + ML194 = 6). E. Delayed treatment (The first dose was 1 h after the MCAO) with PA (100 mg/kg) reduced the infarct size 24 h after the MCAO. **P = 0.0038 (unpaired t-test), values are means ± s.e.m, (n = 5). F. PA treatment reduced the number of right turns in corner test 24 h after MCAO (100 mg/kg). Two-Way ANOVA, F_(1/17) = 0.9158, *P = 0.0339, (Bonferroni multiple comparison test) Values are means ± s.e.m, (n for MCAO = 10, n for MCAO + PA = 9). G. Mice treated with PA improved the latency to move one full body length 24 h after MCAO(100 mg/kg). Two-Way ANOVA, F_(1/19) = 7.082, **P = 0.0049, (Bonferroni multiple comparison test) Values are means ± s.e.m, (n for MCAO = 11, n for MCAO + PA = 10). H. In the rotarod test, PA treatment (100 mg/kg) reduced the latency to fall from the rod 24 h after the MCAO. Two-Way ANOVA, F_(1/10) = 4.463, ***P = 0.001, (Bonferroni multiple comparison test) Values are means ± s.e.m, (n for MCAO = 5, n for MCAO + PA = 6).