TABLE 2.

Standard Cognitive-Behavioral techniques for regulating emotions.

Mode	Regulatory process (according to CER)	Strategy/Intervention	Model of therapy
Behavioral	Response modulation	Progressive muscle relaxation, diaphragmatic breathing	CBT
Behavioral	Situation selection, appraisal	Behavioral activation, systematic desensitization	CBT
Behavioral	Situation selection, attention, appraisal, response modulation	Exposure and response prevention, behavioral experiments	CBT
Behavioral	Situation modification, appraisal, response modulation	Opposite action	DBT, ACT
Cognitive	Appraisal	Psychoeducation and normalization	All CBT-derived therapies
Cognitive	Attention, Appraisal, Response modification	Monitoring thoughts and feelings through diary keeping, Problem solving, weighing pros and cons	CBT, DBT, ACT
Cognitive	Appraisal	Image rescripting	CBT
Mindfulness-based	Attention, response modulation	Distraction, mindfulness meditation, thought defusion and attitudes, Compassionate imagery	MBSR, MBCT, ACT, DBT, MBRP

CER, cognitive emotion regulation; CBT, cognitive-behavioral therapy; DBT, dialectical behavioral therapy; ACT, acceptance and commitment therapy; MBSR, mindfulness-based stress reduction; MBCT, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy; MBRP, mindfulness-based relapse prevention.