TABLE 4.

Cognitive-experiential techniques for regulating emotions.

Mode	Regulatory process	Strategy/Intervention	Model of therapy
Relational	Appraisal, response modulation	Limited reparenting: – Understanding the basic emotional needs not met in patient’s life – Establishing a secure attachment with the therapist – The therapist meets these needs within the bounds of a professional relationship	ST
Relational	Attention, appraisal, response modulation	Emphatic confrontation: – Identifying the coping mode in the session – Validation of coping mode – Emphatic understanding of basic needs and emotions – Memory of emotional needs not satisfied in life events – Showing our intention to do something to protect the vulnerable part in a functional way	ST
Experiential	Attention, appraisal, response modulation	Imagery rescripting: – Creating a safe place – Recognizing an actual specific need not met in a present situation – Creating a bridge with past situations and meeting unfulfilled needs using reparenting – Understanding the continuity of needs – Focus on the specific emotion felt during and after reparenting – Understanding how to meet basic emotional needs – Coming back to the present and feeling the difference – Being aware about the link between past traumatic experience and present feelings – Building a healthy internal working model	ST
Emotional focused	Attention, appraisal, response modulation	Chair works: – Creating a link between the modes and chair – Ability to recognize ad differentiate different mental states – Moving from one chair to another by active mode at that time – Awareness about the internal dynamics	ST/Gestalt