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. 2020 Jun 4;7:268. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00268

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Copyright © 2020 Luo, Reimert, Middelkoop, Kemp and Bolhuis.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Means ± SEM of percentages of time spent on behaviors in pigs exposed to four different housing situations (n = 192 pigs, 32 pens, 8 pens/housing treatment). Pigs were housed in either barren (B1) or enriched (E1) pens from birth, and half of them experienced a housing switch at 47 days of age, creating four groups: B1B2, B1E2, E1E2, and E1B2. Day refers to piglet age. Significances of treatments are indicated: ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05, and ⁺p < 0.10; ns indicates non-significance. H1 indicates the effect of housing before the switch (B1 vs. E1), and H2 indicates the effect of housing after the switch (B2 vs. E2). Interactions with coping style are given in Figure 3.