Table 1.

Summary of the papers related to the use of stone waste/minerals in alkali activation processes. A classification of the minerals based on their chemical nature (alumino-silicate or carbonate) is provided, in addition to the composition of the ‘active’ raw materials for alkali activation (if any) and the general composition of the liquid alkaline activator.

Classification	Mineral Additive	Alkali-Activation Source	Activator	Reference
Alumino-silicates	Granite	Fly Ash/Granulated Blast Furnace Slag	NaOH + Na2SiO3 + H2O	[47]
	Granite	Metakaolin	NaOH + Na2SiO3 + H2O	[48]
	Granite	-	NaOH + Na2SiO3 + H2O	[46]
	Albite +	-	Na2CO3/NaOH	[49]
	Pietra Serena	Metakaolin	NaOH + Na2SiO3 + H2O	[50]
	Pisha sandstone	-/Fly Ash	NaOH + Na2SiO3 + H2O	[51]
	Pisha sandstone	-	NaOH + NaCO3 + Na2SO4 + Na2SiO3 + H2O	[52]
	Cordierite	Metakaolin	NaOH + Na2SiO3 + H2O	[53]
	Diatomite	-	NaOH + H2O + Wood Biomass Ash ^	[54]
Carbonates	Calcite	Metakaolin	NaOH + Na2SiO3 + H2O	[55]
	Calcite	Granulated Blast Furnace Slag	NaOH + H2O	[56]
	Calcite	Metakaolin	NaOH/KOH + Na2SiO3 + H2O	[57]
	Calcite	Fly Ash	NaOH + Na2SiO3 + H2O	[58]
	Dolomite	Fly Ash/Granulated Blast Furnace Slag	Na2CO3/NaOH	[59]
	Dolomite	Metakaolin	NaOH + Na2SiO3 + H2O	[55]
	Dolomite +	Bentonite + Na2CO3	H2O	[60]
	Dolomite +	Granulated Blast Furnace Slag + Na2CO3	H2O	[61]
	Dolomite	Fly ash/cement	NaOH + Na2SiO3 + H2O	[62]
	Marble °	-	NaOH + H2O	[63]
	Marble	-	NaOH + Na2SiO3 + H2O	[45]
	Marble	Smectite clay	NaOH + Na2SiO3/Sodium citrate + H2O	[64]
	Marble	Cement/Fly ash/GBFS/Gypsum/Clay	NaOH + Na2SiO3 + H2O	[65]
	Marble	Fly ash	NaOH + Na2SiO3 + H2O	[66]
	Pietra di Angera	Metakaolin	NaOH + Na2SiO3 + H2O	[50]
	Travertine °	-	NaOH + H2O	[63]
	Limestone	Metakaolin	NaOH + H2O	[67]
	Limestone	Fly Ash/Granulated Blast Furnace Slag	NaOH + Na2SiO3 + H2O	[68]
	Limestone	Granulated Blast Furnace Slag	Na2CO3 + H2O	[69,70]
	Limestone	-	NaOH + Na2SiO3 + H2O	[40]
	Limestone	Halloysite clay	NaOH + Na2SiO3+H2O	[71]
	Limestone *	Granulated Blast Furnace Slag	NaOH + Na2CO3 + H2O	[72]
Mixed	Dolomite + Microcline + Albite + Quartz	-	NaOH + Na2SiO3 + H2O	[46]
	Marl +	-	NaOH + Na2SiO3 + H2O	[73]
	Marl ++Limestone	-	Na2SiO3 + H2O	[74]
	Marl/Marl +	Granulated Blast Furnace Slag	Na2SiO3 + H2O	[75]
	Pietra serena sludge	Fly ash/metakaolin	NaOH + H2O	[76]
	Garnet tailings	Metakaolin	Na2SiO3 + NaOH + H2O	[77]

* Calcite + Dolomite/Calcite/Calcite + Quartz. ° Marble and Travertine were used in combination with Tuff. ⁺ Calcined. ^ Mainly calcium carbonate.