TABLE 5.

Associations Between History of Symptoms/Comorbidities at the Time of Data Collection and Family History of Port-Wine Birthmarks or Other Vascular Birthmarks

Symptom in Participant	Present in Family History
	Vascular Birthmarks N (%)			Port-Wine Birthmarks N (%)
	Yes	No	P	Yes	No	P
Epilepsy	35/43 (81.4%)	181/216 (83.8%)	0.70	34/40 (85.0%)	189/229 (82.5%)	0.70
Headaches	12/23 (52.2%)	88/162 (54.3%)	0.85	17/33 (51.5%)	91/162 (56.2%)	0.62
Strokelike episode	17/41 (41.5%)	84/211 (39.8%)	0.84	12/38 (31.6%)	91/224 (40.6%)	0.29
Symptomatic stroke	11/39 (28.2%)	16/198 (8.1%)	<0.001	5/39 (12.8%)	23/208 (11.1%)	0.75
Hemiparesis	21/42 (50.0%)	86/207 (41.5%)	0.31	17/39 (43.6%)	96/219 (43.8%)	0.98
Visual field deficit	20/40 (50.0%)	89/183 (48.6%)	0.88	16/34 (47.1%)	97/196 (49.5%)	0.79
Intellectual disability	10/35 (28.6%)	29/198 (14.6%)	0.042	6/35 (17.1%)	34/207 (16.4%)	0.92
Learning disorder	16/34 (47.1%)	91/184 (49.5%)	0.80	19/33 (57.6%)	94/193 (48.7%)	0.35
ADHD/ADD	4/43 (9.3%)	32/219 (14.6%)	0.35	6/41 (14.6%)	32/231 (13.9%)	0.89
Autism spectrum disorder	1/35 (2.9%)	7/185 (3.8%)	0.79	0/36 (0%)	8/193 (4.1%)	0.36
Behavioral disorder	4/34 (11.8%)	25/191 (13.1%)	0.83	1/33 (3.0%)	28/200 (14.0%)	0.90
Mood disorder	2/27 (7.4%)	17/180 (9.4%)	0.73	4/32 (12.5%)	16/183 (8.7%)	0.51
Strabismus	5/41 (12.2%)	15/206 (7.3%)	0.29	5/36 (13.9%)	16/218 (7.3%)	0.19
Amblyopia	11/41 (26.8%)	31/203 (15.3%)	0.074	6/34 (17.6%)	40/216 (18.5%)	0.90
Immune problem	2/41 (4.9%)	8/204 (3.9%)	0.77	2/40 (5.0%)	10/215 (4.7%)	1.00
Growth hormone problems	3/43 (7.0%)	9/219 (4.1%)	0.41	6/41 (14.6%)	6/231 (2.6%)	0.001
Puberty problems	1/43 (2.3%)	4/219 (1.8%)	0.82	0/41 (0%)	5/231 (2.2%)	1.00
Thyroid disorder	1/43 (2.3%)	19/219 (8.7%)	0.15	2/41 (4.9%)	18/231 (7.8%)	0.75

Abbreviations:

ADHD/ADD = attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and/or attention deficit disorder

SWS = Sturge-Weber syndrome

Bold values indicates the significance of P < 0.01.