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. 2020 May 19;12(10):9292–9310. doi: 10.18632/aging.103206

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Copyright © 2020 Chang et al.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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The mechanism diagram (schematic diagram) of the most reported piRNA downstream mechanisms in cancer obtained from literature reviewing [17–21]. Emerging studies revealed that piRNAs were associated with the development and progression of several types of cancers, primarily through maintaining genomic integrity by silencing transposable elements, post-transcriptional regulation and regulation of DNA methylation. Although this summary might not be comprehensive, they were by far the most reported piRNA downstream mechanisms in cancer. And Figure 8 illustrates a mechanism diagram of the most reported piRNA downstream mechanisms in cancer obtained from literature reviewing.