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Schematic mechanism illustration of Sal ameliorates PD by inhibiting the NLRP3-dependent pyroptosis. The main mechanisms are as follows: (1) Sal indirectly reducing the production of NLRP3, pro-IL-1β and pro-IL-18 by inhibiting TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathways; (2) Sal directly suppressing pyroptosis through inhibiting TXNIP/NLRP3/caspase-1 signaling pathways. These results indicated that inhibiting pyroptosis or administration of Sal could be a novel therapeutic strategy for PD.
