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TLR4 aggravated pyroptosis by activating the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 signaling pathways. (A–C) Western blotting was performed to determine the expressions of TLR4, MyD88, p-IкBα, p-NF-кB, TXNIP, NLRP3, ASC, cleaved caspase-1, cleaved GSDMD, IL-1β and IL-18 in SN and striatum of TLR4-Def PD mice (n = 3). All data are represented as mean ± SD. # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01 vs. control group, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs MPTP group.
