Table 4.

l,25-(OH)₂D₃ regulation of CD4⁺ T cell gene expression ^a.

GENE	SPECIES	REFERENCES
Enhanced gene expression
Bhmtl *	mouse	[32]
CCR2	human	[170]
Ctla4*	mouse	[31,171]
CTLA4*	human	[170,172–175]
CXCR3	human	[170]
Cyp24al*	mouse	[176]
CYP24A1*	human	[177,178]
CYP27B1	human	[177]
Foxp3*	mouse	[82,171,176,179]
FOXP3*	human	[170,172–174,179–182]
Ikzf2*	mouse	[32,82,176]
Il10	mouse	[171,173,179,183,184]
IL10	human	[170,174,179,185–187]
IL10RA	human	[170]
IL2RA*	human	[174,178]
ITGA2	human	[170]
LAG3	human	[170]
MGAT1	human	[188]
PLCG1	human	[189]
Tgfb	mouse	[171,190]
Vdr*	mouse	[176,191–193]
VDR*	human	[173,177]
Diminished gene expression
CCR6	human	[170]
Hiflα	mouse	[194]
Ifng	mouse	[82,195]
IFNG	human	[170,172,177,186]
Il17	mouse	[82,173,184,190,193,195–199]
IL17F	human	[170,172,173,186,187]
IL21	human	[172]
1122	mouse	[173]
IL22	human	[170,184,187]
IL26	human	[170]
Il23r	mouse	[184]
Rorc	mouse	[184,190]
TAGAP*	human	[178]

^aThis table includes only protein-coding genes.

^*The indicates the gene control regions include an established or postulated VDRE. Regulation of CD4⁺ T cell gene expression has been investigated in vitro and in vivo using experimental approaches that measure direct transcriptional regulation or indirect influences on gene expression (changes in cell differentiation, epigenetic marks, and non-coding RNAs). We refer the interested reader to the original reports for the experimental details and findings.