Figure 1. Pipeline for quantifying attachment and tubercle development rate of P. aegyptiaca on A. thaliana.

(A) Example of A. thaliana lines growing in PE bags before inoculation with P. aegyptiaca. Plants were randomly distributed. (B) Typical germination rates of P. aegyptiaca seedlings following conditioning and treatment with germination stimulants n = 3 plates for each germination stimulant with approximately 100 total seeds per plate. (C) Example of germinated and ungerminated P. aegyptiaca radicles (red arrows) on A. thaliana roots. Germinated seedlings are counted to quantify the attachment and tubercle development rates. (D) Rate of attachment and tubercle development of P. aegyptiaca on wildtype (Col) A. thaliana roots for the three parasite development stages considered in this work—initial haustorial connection and attachment, early-stage tubercle, and late-stage tubercle n = 8. The attachment rate is the number of seeds that reached that stage of development divided by the total number of germinated seeds.