Figure 8.

Assessment of arsenic effects on the NRF2 pathway in the progeny of progenitor cells. (A) GSEA NRF2 pathway enrichment analysis of prostate organoid (PO) treated with $1\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{M}$ iAs for 14 d. NES, normalized enrichment score. $\text{NES}=2.12$ indicates that NRF2 pathway is enriched in PO_iAs groups. (B) Representative immunoblotting of HMOX1 and p62 in day-14 prostate organoid derived from PrEC (PrEC-D14PO) treated with $1\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{M}$ iAs for 14 d. Quantification data shown are $\text{mean}\pm \text{SEM}$ ($n=3$); *$p<0.05$ vs. vehicle. (C) Representative image of soft-agar transformation assay of prostate stem-progenitor cells pretreated with $1\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{M}$ iAs for 7 d. Quantification data of soft-agar colony formation efficiency are $\text{mean}\pm \text{SEM}$ ($n=6$); *$p<0.05$ between two groups. (D) Representative immunostaining ($n>3$) of indicated protein in chimeric human prostate gland structure derived from human PrEC and rat UGM grafted under renal capsule exposed to $5\text{\hspace{0.17em}ppm}$ iAs in drinking water for 3 months. $\text{Scale bar}=100\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{m}$. (E) Quantitative data of Ki67 positive cell percent in chimeric human prostate gland. Data shown are $\text{mean}\pm \text{SEM}$ ($n=5$ chimeric gland); *$p<0.05$ between two groups.