Table 2.

Effect of Change in Total Functional Activity Limitations on Caregiving Outcomes^a

	Hours of Caregiving Received	Days of Caregiving Received	Number of Caregivers
	Marginal Effect (95% CI)	Marginal Effect (95% CI)	Marginal Effect (95% CI)
Total functional activity limitationsb	5.06*** (4.56, 5.55)	0.88*** (0.81, 0.94)	0.05*** (0.05, 0.06)
Cognition impairment (ref = no cognitive impairment)c
CIND	4.35*** (1.96, 6.73)	0.43** (0.10, 0.76)	0.02* (0.00, 0.04)
ADRD	16.95*** (13.18, 20.72)	1.85*** (1.31, 2.39)	0.07*** (0.04, 0.19)
Total functional activity limitations × cognitive impairment (ref = no cognitive impairment)d
CIND	1.43* (0.17, 2.69)	0.04 (−0.12, 0.19)	0.00 (−0.01, 0.01)
ADRD	4.90*** (3.40, 6.39)	0.44*** (0.20, 0.67)	0.02** (0.01, 0.03)

ADRD = Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias

CIND = Cognitive impairment no dementia

^*p<0.05;

^**p<0.01;

^***p<0.001

^aUnconditional marginal effect from the estimated two-part model. In the first part (n=24,530) a logistic regression was estimated to determine if a respondent received >0 caregiving. In the second part (n=2,920), the amount of caregiving received was estimated using a generalized linear model with gamma distribution and log link. In the first part of the two-part model, 340 observations were removed from analyses due to collinearity. All models control for age, gender, years of education, race, Medicaid enrollment, long-term care insurance, net worth, marital status, number of children, number of married children, number of living siblings, if a respondent had a proxy, number of functional activity limitations in previous HRS interview, an indicator for the combination of functional activity limitations in the current and previous interview, an indicator for the combination of chronic conditions in the current and previous interview, and amount of caregiving received (i.e., lag of the outcome) in the prior interview.

^bMarginal effect represents how a change in functional activity limitations, averaged over all persons, effects caregiving received.

^cMarginal effect represents the incremental difference in caregiving received, averaged over all persons, by levels of cognitive impairment.

^dMarginal effect represent the incremental difference in caregiving received by levels of cognitive impairment given a change in function activity limitations.