Table 4. Studies Reporting Sensitivity and Specificity for Diagnosing pCR both for MRI Alone and for MRI Combined with Other Test(s) in Same Group of Patients.
| First Author | Study Type (Year) | Method | Sensitivity, %* | Specificity, %* | Comparative Result | Method to Combine Results of MRI and Other Test(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kuo (2012) (33) | Retrospective | MRI (T2) | 16.0 (4/25) | 94.3 (133/141) | No meaningful statistical comparisons due to low statistical power | Complete tumor response if both MRI and other tests are negative for residual tumor |
| MRI combined with endoscopy and routine superficial re-biopsy | 8.0 (2/25) | 100 (141/141) | ||||
| Maas (2015) (37) | Prospective | MRI (combined T2 and DWI) | 35.3 (6/17) | 93.9 (31/33) | No statistical comparisons | Obscure |
| MRI combined with endoscopy and digital rectal examination | 70.6 (12/17) | 97.0 (32/33) | ||||
| Liu (2018) (36) | Prospective | MRI (combined T2 and DWI) | 25.0 (5/20) | 93.3 (97/104) | No statistical comparisons | Obscure |
| MRI combined with endoscopy | 10.0 (2/20) | 100 (104/104) | ||||
| Ko (2019) (32) | Retrospective | MRI (T2) | 70.6 (12/17) | 95.3 (81/85) | No significant difference in sensitivity (p = 0.250) and specificity (p = 1.000) | Obscure |
| MRI combined with endoscopy | 52.9 (9/17) | 96.5 (82/85) | ||||
| Meta-analytic summary | NA | MRI | 34 (95% CI, 7–62) | 94 (95% CI, 91–97) | p = 0.02 from joint-model bivariate meta-regression analysis | NA |
| MRI combined with other test(s) | 29 (95% CI, 3–55) | 99 (95% CI, 98–100) |
*Numbers in parentheses are number of patients unless specified otherwise.