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. 2020 Jun 11;10:9483. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-66421-y

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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The effect of IS on regional DA (a), DOPAC levels (b), and DA turnover (c); n = 45. (a) Data are presented as a median (full range) due to unmeet normal distribution condition (alpha=0.05). For comparison of IS concentration in B3, B4, B5 Kruskal-Wallis test has been used. For B2 ordinary ANOVA test has been used. To compare the differences between all the same dose subgroups in the different parts of the brain Kruskal-Wallis test has been used. B2 - Anova – 0.0004 / F (DFn, DFd) = F (2, 42) = 8.995; Mann-Whitney test: *CON vs 100 IS P = 0.0244; *CON vs 200 IS P = 0.0304. B3 - Kruskal-Wallis test – 0.0462 / Kruskal-Wallis statistic 6.151; Mann-Whitney test: *100 IS vs 200 IS P = 0.038. All Controls Kruskal-Wallis test – <0.0001 / Kruskal-Wallis statistic 41.08. All 100 IS Kruskal-Wallis test– <0.0001 / Kruskal-Wallis statistic 29.81. All 200 IS Kruskal-Wallis test – <0.0001 / Kruskal-Wallis statistic 36.97. (b) Data are presented as a median (full range) due to unmeet normal distribution condition (alpha=0.05). Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test. B5 - Kruskal-Wallis test – 0.0265 / Kruskal-Wallis statistic 7.245; Mann-Whitney test: *CON vs 200 IS P = 0.0116; *100 IS vs 200 IS P = 0.0317. All Controls Kruskal-Wallis test – <0.0001 / Kruskal-Wallis statistic 20.91. All 100 IS Kruskal-Wallis test – 0.0087 / Kruskal-Wallis statistic 9.491. All 200 IS Kruskal-Wallis test – <0.0001 / Kruskal-Wallis statistic 22.09. (c) Data are presented as a median (full range) due to unmeet normal distribution condition (alpha = 0.05). Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test. B3 - Kruskal-Wallis test – 0.0352 / Kruskal-Wallis statistic 6.655; Mann-Whitney test: *CON vs 100 IS P = 0.032; All Controls Kruskal-Wallis test – 0.0168 / Kruskal-Wallis statistic 8.183. B1 – cerebellum; B2 – brainstem; B3 – cerebral cortex; B4 – hypothalamus; B5 – striatum with hippocampus; DA – dopamine; DOPAC – 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid; DOPAC/DA ratio – DA turnover; CON – control group; 100 IS – group receiving IS in the dose of 100 mg/kg b.w./day; 200 IS – group receiving IS in the dose of 200 mg/kg b.w./day; IS – indoxyl sulfate.