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. 2020 Jun 11;10:9472. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-66295-0

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Adoptive transfer of α7nAChR agonist GTS-21-treated macrophages improved renal outcome. (a–c) Plasma creatinine, BUN, and histology score are significantly reduced by GTS-treated macrophage transfer (plasma creatinine: 0.81 ± 0.06 and 0.51 ± 0.07 mg/dl, P = 0.0105; BUN: 157.8 ± 11.4 and 101.0 ± 11.6 mg/dl, P = 0.0051; histology score: 3.33 ± 0.15 and 2.46 ± 0.26, P = 0.0122; for Cis-vehicle-treated macrophage and Cis-GTS-treated macrophage, respectively; n = 8 or 9). (d) Representative pictures of PAS-staining. (e) The expression level of Kim-1 mRNA in the whole kidney was also decreased by GTS-21-treated macrophage transfer (relative expression of Kim-1: 1.031 ± 0.07 and 0.59 ± 0.09, P = 0.0034; for Cis-vehicle-treated macrophage and Cis-GTS-treated macrophage, respectively; n = 8 or 9). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. Scale bar, 100 μm. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 (two-way analysis of variance followed by the Sidak post-hoc test). BUN, blood urea nitrogen; VNS, vagus nerve stimulation; Cis, cisplatin; SEM, standard error of the mean; GTS, GTS-21; PAS, periodic acid-Schiff.