Table 1.

Assessment tools used in the survey.

Assessment tool	Acronym	N. items	Description
General Health Questionnaire-12	GHQ-12	12	Each item assesses the severity of a mental problem on a 4-level Likert scale. The total score ranges from 0 to 36, with higher scores indicating worse conditions.
Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - 21	DASS-21	21	It consists of three subscales. The depression subscale assesses dysphoria, hopelessness, devaluation of life, self-deprecation, lack of interest/involvement, anhedonia, and inertia. The anxiety scale assesses autonomic arousal, skeletal muscle effects, situational anxiety, and subjective experience of anxious affect. The stress scale assesses difficulty in relaxing, nervous arousal, and being easily upset/agitated, irritable/over-reactive and impatient.
Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory – Revised	OCI-R	18	Each item assesses the severity of obsession or compulsion on a 5-level Likert scale. The total score range from 0 to 72, with higher scores indicating worse conditions.
Insomnia Severity Index	ISI	7	Each item assesses the nature, severity, and impact of insomnia on a 5-level Likert scale. The aspects evaluated includes sleep onset, sleep maintenance, and early morning awakening problems, sleep dissatisfaction, interference of sleep difficulties with daytime functioning, noticeability of sleep problems by others, and distress caused by the sleep difficulties. The total score ranges from 0 to 28.
Severity-of-Acute-Stress-Symptoms-Adult	SASS	9	It assesses the severity of post-traumatic stress disorder in adult individuals. Each item assesses the severity of post-traumatic symptoms during the past seven days.
Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale	SIDAS	5	It assesses all the attributes of suicidal thoughts: frequency, controllability, closeness to attempt, level of distress associated with the thoughts, and impact on daily functioning. Each item is assessed on 10-level Likert scale. When the score at the first item is zero, the remaining items are not compiled.
Impact of Event Scale-6	IES-6	6	It assesses the impact of the traumatic event, including three subscales that describe the three major symptoms of posttraumatic stress: intrusion, avoidance, and hyperarousal.
UCLA loneliness scale - short version	UCLA	8	It is an 8-item scale designed to measure one’s subjective feelings of loneliness as well as feelings of social isolation.
Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced	Brief-COPE	28	It includes 14 subscales designed for measuring effective and ineffective ways to cope with a stressful life event. The subscales include: self-distraction, active coping, denial, substance use, use of emotional support, use of instrumental support, behavioral disengagement, venting, positive reframing, planning, humor, acceptance, religion, and self-blame.
Post Traumatic Growth Inventory- short form	PTGI	10	It evaluates the construct of post-traumatic growth on a 6-level Likert scale.
Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale – short form	CD-RISC	10	It evaluates the levels of resilience and it includes the following five factors: personal competence, high standards, and tenacity; trust in one’s instincts, tolerance of negative affect, and strengthening effects of stress; positive acceptance of change and secure relationships; control; spiritual influences. Each item is rated on a 6-level Likert scale.
Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support	MSPSS	12	It evaluates the levels of perceived adequacy of social support from the family, friends, and significant others on a 5-level Likert scale
Pattern of Care Schedule - modified version	PCS	20	It is an ad hoc schedule evaluating the pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatments received by participants
Maslach Burnout Inventory (only for healthcare professionals)	MBI	22	It evaluates the three dimensions of burnout: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment