Table 2.

Socio-demographic characteristics and clinical assessment of patients and controls according to the severity of clinical symptoms.

	Group A (n=26)	Group B (n=28)	p
Gender (M/F)	9/17	12/16	0.586
Age (mean ± sd)	26.8 ± 6.2	28.3 ± 7.1	0.432
Education (mean ± sd)	12.6 ± 2.9	11.9 ± 3.5	0.396
Duration of untreated psychosis in days (mean ± sd)	32.0 ± 35.5	26.7 ± 56.6	0.257
Age of onset (mean ± sd)	22.7 ± 7.4	21.6 ± 6.4	0.706
Diagnostic (schizophrenia/bipolar disorder)	13/13	14/14	1.000
Bipolar subtype distribution	7/6	6/8	0.705
Remission time in days (mean ± sd)	88 ± 64	70 ± 57	0.410
Illness duration in days (mean ± sd)	53.3 ± 46.9	82.5 ± 105.6	0.394
Baseline scales (mean ± sd)
PANSS	80.0 ± 20.6	70.9 ± 19.1	0.246
PANSS – Positive symptoms	20.2 ± 5.5	18.6 ± 4.8	0.409
PANSS – Negative symptoms	17.8 ± 7.8	16.2 ± 6.8	0.586
PANSS – General symptoms	42.0 ± 11.0	40.1 ± 11.1	0.660
HAM-D	17.6 ± 6.9	13.0 ± 9.1	0.158
YMRS	7.1 ± 7.5	10.9 ± 9.3	0.251
After clinical remission (mean ± sd)
PANSS	38.9 ± 7.9	45.5 ± 7.9	0.052
PANSS – Positive symptoms	8.4 ± 1.4	9.4 ± 1.8	0.191
PANSS – Negative symptoms	10.8 ± 4.7	11.3 ± 4.85	0.819
PANSS – General symptoms	19.7 ± 3.4	24.6 ± 4.0	0.008
HAM-D	3.1 ± 2.5	3.5 ± 3.0	0.738
YMRS	0.6 ± 1.0	2.0 ± 3.0	0.182
Δ Clinical Scores (mean ± sd)
PANSS	−0.47 ± 0.14	−0.35 ± 0.15	0.079
PANSS – Positive symptoms	−0.51 ± 0.22	−0.49 ± 0.17	0.803
PANSS – Negative symptoms	−0.31 ± 0.33	−0.16 ± 0.44	0.400
PANSS – General symptoms	−0.51 ± 0.11	−0.33 ± 0.18	0.019
HAM-D	−0.63 ± 0.63	−0.78 ± 0.19	0.502
YMRS	−0.87 ± 0.32	−0.78 ± 0.38	0.628

M, male; F, female; sd, standard deviation; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; HAM-D, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; YMRS, Young Mania Rating Scale. Bold font indicates significant p-value.