Table 2.
Symptoms of Sannipatajvara reported in COVID-19.
| Symptoms of Sannipātajvara (These are general symptoms of all types of Sannipātajvara and all symptoms may not be seen in all cases) |
Mention in Samhitā | Reported in COVID-19 |
Reference | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency | Stages | ||||
| GENERAL SYMPTOMS | |||||
| 12 | jvaraḥ (fever) a | C, S, V | Very common | All stages | WHO [58], CDC [9,12] |
| 1 | srastāṅgatā param (loosenes of body parts) | C | Not reported | ||
| 2 | gurusrastāṅgasandhitā (heaviness and looseness of body parts) | V | Not reported | ||
| 3 | suptāṅgatā (numbness of body) | S | Not reported | ||
| 4 | stambhaḥ (stiffness) | S | Not reported | ||
| 5 | kśatvaṁ nātigātrāṇāṁ (does not loose weight significantly) | C | Not reported | ||
| 13 | kṣaṇē dāhaḥ kṣaṇē śītam (alternating heat and cold feeling) | C, S, V | Sometimes | Random | Worldometer [59] |
| 6 | cirātpākaśca doṣāṇāṃ (delay in doṣapāka) | C, S, V | Sometimes | Severe/Critical | More than two weeks duration of disease |
| 7 | tr̥ṣṇā (thirst, dehydration) | C, S | Common | Random | Seen in viral infections and also COVID-19 |
| 8 | svēdamūtrapurīṣāṇāṁ cirāddarśanamalpaśaḥ (reduced sweating, output of urine and defecation) | C, S | Reduced output of urine is reported in cases with dehydration | ||
| 9 | balabhraṃśa (loss of strength) | V | Common | Random | NBC [60] |
| 10 | bhramaḥ (dizziness, giddiness) a | C, S, V | Sometimes | Random | URHCS [61] |
| 11 | tandrā (fatigue) a | C, S | Common | Random | WHO [58], CDC [9,12] |
| CUTANEOUS SYMPTOMS | |||||
| 14 | muhuḥ svedaḥ (repeated sweating) | V | Sometimes | Random | Worldometer [59] |
| 15 | atisvedaḥ (excessive sweating) | V | Sometimes | Severe/Critical | Worldometer [59] |
| 16 | asvedaḥ (absence of sweating) | V | Not reported | ||
| 17 | kōṭhānāṁ śyāvaraktānāṁ maṇḍalānāṁ ca darśanam (greyish red skin eruptions) | C, V | Rare | Random | WHO [58] |
| RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS | |||||
| 18 | kāsaḥ (cough) a | C, V | Very common | All stages | CDC [9,12] |
| 19 | śvāsaḥ (dyspnoea) a | C, S, V | Common | All stages | CDC [9,12] |
| 20 | kaṇṭhaḥ śūkairivāvr̥taḥ (sore throat) a | C, V | Common | All stages | CDC [9,12] |
| 21 | svarasādaḥ (hoarseness of voice) | V | Sometimes | Random | CDC [9] |
| 22 | srōtasāṁ pākaḥ (inflammation of nasopharynx, oropharynx and respiratory passages) a | C, S | Sometimes | Random | CDC [9] |
| 23 | pratataṁ kaṇṭhakūjanam (abnormal breath sounds in throat region) | C, S | Sometimes | Severe/Critical | Yinghui Huang et al [46] |
| 24 | ṣṭhīvanaṁ raktapittasya kaphēnōnmiśritasya ca (hemoptysis) | C, V | Rare | Random | CDC [9] |
| GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOMS | |||||
| 25 | arucih (anorexia) a | C, S | Common | Random | CDC [9] |
| 26 | gurutvamudarasya (heaviness of abdomen) | C | Not reported | ||
| 27 | malasaṃsaṅgaḥ (constipation) | V | Not reported | ||
| 28 | malānāṃ alpaśo pravṛttiḥ (reduced defecation) | V | Not reported | ||
| 29 | malānāṃ ati pravṛttiḥ (diarrhoea) a | V | Common | Random | CDC [12], WHO [58] |
| MUSCULOSKELETAL SYMPTOMS | |||||
| 32 | asthirujā (pain in bones) | C, S, V | Sometimes | Random | WHO [58] |
| 33 | sandhirujā (pain in joints) a | C, S, V | Sometimes | Random | WHO [58] |
| 34 | piṇḍikāruk (pain in calf muscles) a | V | Sometimes | Random | WHO [58] |
| 35 | pārśvaruk (pain in the flanks) | V | Sometimes | Severe/Critical | WHO [58] |
| NEUROLOGICAL SYMPTOMS | |||||
| 36 | nidrānāśō (insomnia) a | C, S | Sometimes | Random | Zambrelli E et al [43] |
| 37 | divā mahānidrā (deep sleep during daytime) | V | Sometimes | Random | Zambrelli E et al [43] |
| 38 | niśi jāgaraṇaṃ (unable to sleep at night) | V | Sometimes | Random | Zambrelli E et al [43] |
| 39 | sadā nidrā (constant sleep) | V | Sometimes | Random | Zambrelli E et al [43] |
| 40 | śirōrujā (headache) a | C, S, V | Sometimes | Random | CDC [9,12] |
| 41 | śiraso loṭhanaṃ (dystonic movements, shaking, tremors of head) | C, V | Rare | Severe/Critical | Sohal S et al [62] |
| 46 | nirbhugnē darśanē (eyes are unsteady and deviated) | C, S | Rare | Severe/Critical | Sohal S et al [62] |
| 42 | mūkatvaṁ (loss of speech) | C | Sometimes | Severe/Critical | WHO [58] |
| 43 | cētanācyutiḥ (loss of consciousness) | S | Sometimes | Severe/Critical | CDC [12] |
| SPECIAL SENSES | |||||
| 44 | sāsrāvē kaluṣē raktē ca darśanē (pink eye) | C, S | Sometimes | Random | WHO [58] |
| 45 | sasvanau karṇau (sound in ears) | C, S, V | Not reported | ||
| 49 | sarujau karṇau (pain in ears) | C, S, V | Not reported | ||
| 30 | paridagdhā kharasparśā jihvā (coarse and inflamed appearance of tongue) | C, V | Rare | Random | Xinhua [63] |
| 31 | rasanā paruṣā kṣṇā (rough and blackish appearance of tongue) | S | Not reported | ||
| 47 | śyāvadantatā (blackish discolouration of teeth) | S | Not reported | ||
| 48 | snigdhāsyatā (unctuous feeling in mouth) | V | Not reported | ||
| CARDIOVASCULAR SYMPTOMS | |||||
| 50 | hdi vyathā (affliction of heart) | C, S, V | Sometimes | Severe/Critical | Rizzo P et al [64] |
| PSYCHOLOGICAL SYMPTOMS | |||||
| 51 | mōhaḥ (confusion) a | C, S | Sometimes | Severe/Critical | CDC [9,12] |
| 52 | pralāpaḥ (delirium) a | C, S | Sometimes | Severe/Critical | Zambrelli E et al [43] |
| 53 | madaḥ (inebriation) | S | Not reported | ||
| 54 | unmādaḥ (psychosis) | S | Not reported | ||
| 55 | gītanartanahāsyādivikṛtehāpravartanaṃ (abnormal behaviour) | V | Not reported | ||
C - Carakasaṃhitā, S - Suśrutasaṃhitā, V - Vāgbhaṭa's Aṣṭāṅgahṛdayaṃ.
a
Reported in the cohort of 14 patients treated at Medanta.