| Tourism Demand |
Tourists’ and/or their loved ones affected by COVID-19 and experiencing traumatic tourism experiences
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Trip cancelations
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Loss of money paid for travel-tourism
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Trip disruptions
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Loss of travel loyalty benefits and points
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Quarantines and social distancing / lockdowns
Travellers reading and viewing traumatic COVID-19 tourism experiences lived by others (media communication and user-generated content)
Travel restrictions and travel bans
Use of technology for crisis alerts and communication
Panic buying and stockpiling |
Experience of trauma on tourists’ travel attitudes, future intentions, decision – making and experiences
Impact of crisis communication on tourists’ perceived risks, decision-making, future travel intentions and service quality evaluations
Impact of fake news and misinformation on tourists’ perceived risks and destination image
Impact of booking restrictions and firms’ cancelation policies on tourists’ attitudes and behaviour towards booking restrictions and booking patterns |
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Social distancing
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Lockdowns and stay at home
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Choosing self-isolation
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(excess) Use of technology (apps) for contactless services:
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Shopping
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Working
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Information updates
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Studying
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Experiencing a global travel slow down resulting in reduced environmental pollution and overtourism phenomena
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Multi-functional homes: remote working, home schooling, virtual social behaviours:
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Virtual entertainment
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Virtual social drinks
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Virtual parties
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Virtual events/festivals
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Virtual dining
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Virtual visitation of destinations and attractions
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Impact of safety and health concerns on tourists’ attitudes, decision-making, and behaviours
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Impact of reflecting on personal values, lifestyles and priorities on tourists’ behaviour (tourism segmentation strategies and criteria)
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issues of social isolation and excess use of social media/technology, on mental and psychological health, tourists’ attitudes, travel intentions and behaviours
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Increased priority in localism and impacts on geographies and mobilities of travel behaviour and preference
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Tourists’ understanding of tourism’s impact on climate change and overtourism problems
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Experiencing a new tourism service and experience:
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digital health passport and certifications
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Digital identity apps
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Travellers’ mobility tracing apps
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Crowd and social distancing technology solutions and restrictions
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Contactfree travellers’ journey management solutions
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New hygiene standards
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Social distancing redefining service etiquettes
Setting new priorities determining tourists’ selection, evaluation of services and consumption behaviour, e.g.: Self-care, safety, hygiene-
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Tourists recalibrating priorities, changing lifestyles, e.g.
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Re-assessing what is essential for happiness
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Deepening personal relations
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Embracing a health-first mindset
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New criteria for decision making
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e.g.
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Travel better not less
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Travel for a purpose-meaning
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Experience the other side of the common destinations
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Redefinition of luxury tourism to include hygiene first, well-being?
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Impact of COVID-19 economic recession on tourism demand
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Impact of COVID-19 depression on tourism demand
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Investigating the impact of the new psychology and behaviour of tourists on:
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Tourists’ attitudes, use, adoption and satisfaction from virtual tourism experiences
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Tourists’ acceptance and use of (new) technologies
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| Tourism supply – Businesses |
Managing the safety and health of tourists and employees
Handling customer communication and requests for:
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Engagement with tourists for ensuring: individual safety, security and stability (e.g. distress, emotional support), promoting and shifting customers to online channels and virtual experiences, building emotional bonds, trust and brand values
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Ensure business continuity and building resilience
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Repurpose of resources, e.g. staff, space and food-cleaning supplies
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Innovation from necessity, e.g.: virtualisation of experiences, remote working, innovation of business models
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Acceleration of digital adoption
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Customer engagement
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Employee engagement
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Mitigate crisis impacts
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Brand communication for building brand values, e.g. messages like ‘we are all together’
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Digital and economic divide within the industry
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Re-skilling and up-skilling of employees
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Loyalty programs: rebuilding customer trust and redesigning their value propositions and business models
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Resetting the new business normal
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Re-opening: learnings from essential healthcare operators
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New cleaning and hygiene protocols: protective equipment, masks, sanitizers, disinfecting wipes
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crowd management and social distancing practices
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Re-design and re-imagine the customer journey to make it contactless
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Redesign of tourism experiences
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Redesign of workspace and servicescape
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Re-engineering business operations
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Rethink of business ecosystems and partnerships
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Contact free business models
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mobility tracing apps for employees and customers
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Technology solutions for hygiene, health and safety control.
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Lead with purpose: association of brands with good
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Update and redesign of booking forecasting, revenue management and pricing systems
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Capture new demand
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Accelerate digital and data analytics
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New competitors
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Virtual tourism experiences: a substitute or a complement of tourism experiences? (blended operating business models?
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New start-ups and disruptors in the tourism value chain
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Digital and economic divide
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Surviving the COVID-19 recession and new operational standards, costs and requirements
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Abilities to address the sophisticated and new tourists market segments
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Impact of COVID-19 economic recession on the tourism industry and structure
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| Destinations and policy makers |
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Ensuring health and safety of tourists
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Managing repatriation of citizens
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Interventions to support vulnerable employees and tourism businesses
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Crisis communication
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Accountability, effectiveness and fairness of increased public expenditure
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Politics – pressures and lobbying for resource allocation
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Impact of crisis communication and user-generated-content on destination brand image
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Securing and building the destination image
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Keeping tourists informed and interested: Promotion and visibility of destinations
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Virtual visits of destinations
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Engaging with destination partners and stakeholders
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Provision of training and business consulting services to tourism operators
e.g. Tourism Greece #GreecefromHome https://www.greecefromhome.com
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Interventions to support tourism industry and jobs
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Crisis communication: promote a positive and uplifting message, build and associate destination brands with good values,
e.g.#traveltomorrow by UNWTO
World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC) has launched its new #TogetherInTravelhttp://www.togetherintravel.com/
Visit Portugal “we’re-all-in-this-together” #CantSkipHope social media campaign https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=70tcUNgd8IM&feature=emb_logo
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Impact and effectiveness of governmental interventions on building resilience and recovery abilities
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impact of crisis communication on tourists’ attitudes, travel intentions and destination image perceptions
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Reimagine the new types of sustainable and responsible tourism
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Setting safety and health regulations and safety standards
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Develop strategies for staged re-opening: relaxation of travel restrictions, creation of travel bubbles, re-opening of tourism businesses
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Promotion and motivation to tourists, e.g. travel vouchers and incentives
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Health passports and health identities
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Re-nationalisation of tourism infrastructure, superstructure and tourism operators (e.g. airlines, ferry companies, train operators)
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Global cooperation for addressing climate change and sustainability issues
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Impact of public interventions on functioning and structure of tourism industry
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Impact of public spending and interventions on austerity measures
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