Table 2.

Current information on Good Agricultural Practices and other factors that affect the ochratoxin A (OTA) contamination in grape.

Crop Attributes/Agricultural Practice	Notes	References
Crop type/processing	Dried grapes > grape juice > red wine > white wine	[5,145]
Geographical area vineyards location	Southern and eastern European regions are more susceptible than northern and western regions	[3,51,52]
Trellising system- proximity of berries to the soil	In vineyards in the south of Europe, bunches were 40–60 cm above soil, whereas in vineyards in the north were 150 cm above the soil	[129]
Pruning	Bunches must have an open structure with berries not being exposed to sun burn, reduce dead berry falling	[128]
Irrigation	Irrigation should be scheduled to prevent berry splitting	[128]
Harvest time	Harvest date must be set as soon as grape is mature	[50,128]
IPM	OTA occurrence in wine can decrease up to 80% using appropriate fungi and pest management	[61,127]