Table 2.

Univariate and multivariate logistic models of willingness to use personal health records (PHRs).

Characteristic		Univariate model (N=2307)				Multivariate model (n=2020)
		Odds ratio (95% CI)		P value		Odds ratio (95% CI)		P value
(Intercept)						0.06 (0.03-0.10)		<.001
Gender (male vs female)		1.81 (1.51-2.16)		<.001		1.52 (1.22-1.90)		<.001
Age (≥60 years vs <60)		0.36 (0.30-0.44)		<.001		N/Aa
Employment status (employed vs not employed)		2.58 (2.15-3.08)		<.001		1.30 (1.03-1.64)		.03
Medical history (yes vs no)
	Hypertension		0.81 (0.68-0.96)		.02		N/Aa
	Diabetes		1.15 (0.95-1.38)		.15		N/Ab
	Dyslipidemia		1.38 (1.11-1.71)		.004		1.25 (0.97-1.62)		.09
	Angina pectoris or myocardial infarction		0.91 (0.69-1.20)		.52		N/Ab
	Arrhythmia		1.02 (0.75-1.38)		.90		N/Ab
	Kidney disease		1.01 (0.71-1.46)		.94		N/Ab
	Hyperuricemia		1.43 (0.99-2.06)		.054		N/Aa
	Cerebrovascular disorder		0.74 (0.50-1.09)		.13		N/Ab
	Hospitalization experience		0.86 (0.72-1.03)		.10		N/Ab
	Metabolic syndrome		1.73 (1.41-2.12)		<.001		N/Aa
What patients considered important for their health management (yes vs no)
	Exercise		1.98 (1.51-2.61)		<.001		1.57 (1.12-2.21)		.009
	Diet		1.84 (1.34-2.52)		<.001		N/Aa
	Sleep		1.39 (1.15-1.69)		<.001		N/Aa
	Prescription drugs		0.95 (0.80-1.13)		.60		N/Ab
	Over-the-counter drugs		0.73 (0.38-1.39)		.34		N/Ab
	Health food and supplements		0.79 (0.58-1.08)		.15		N/Ab
What patients were willing to incorporate into daily life in managing health (yes vs no)
	Exercise		1.19 (0.99-1.42)		.06		N/Aa
	Diet		1.12 (0.89-1.41)		.34		N/Ab
	Sleep		1.07 (0.90-1.27)		.46		N/Ab
	Prescription drugs		1.09 (0.91-1.30)		.34		N/Ab
	Over-the-counter drugs		1.37 (0.69-2.69)		.37		N/Ab
	Health food and supplements		0.99 (0.75-1.30)		.94		N/Ab
Health information sources (yes vs no)
	Doctors		1.37 (1.07-1.75)		.01		1.36 (1.01-1.83)		.04
	Nurses		1.06 (0.78-1.42)		.72		N/Ab
	Pharmacists		1.45 (1.16-1.82)		.001		1.63 (1.24-2.13)		<.001
	Dieticians		1.45 (0.96-2.20)		.08		N/Aa
	Acquaintances		1.05 (0.80-1.38)		.73		N/Ab
	Family		1.22 (0.95-1.57)		.12		N/Ab
	Books or magazines		1.35 (1.09-1.67)		.006		1.23 (0.96-1.59)		.10
	Newspapers		0.93 (0.74-1.15)		.49		N/Ab
	Television		0.97 (0.81-1.16)		.74		N/Ab
	Internet		3.98 (3.29-4.82)		<.001		1.45 (1.13-1.87)		.004
Understanding of one’s diseases (yes vs no)
	Understanding one’s diseases or symptoms well		2.61 (1.84-3.70)		<.001		1.37 (0.92-2.05)		.13
	Understanding treatment methods well		1.39 (1.16-1.67)		<.001		N/Aa
	Understanding how to deal with deterioration of health		1.30 (1.07-1.58)		.008		N/Aa
	Entrusting doctors with disease and health-related matters		0.81 (0.68-0.97)		.02		1.21 (0.98-1.51)		.08
	Not paying much attention to one’s disease		0.60 (0.40-0.90)		.01		N/Aa
Information terminals (yes vs no)
	Personal computer		3.54 (2.95-4.25)		<.001		1.85 (1.46-2.35)		<.001
	Smartphone		4.19 (3.48-5.04)		<.001		2.04 (1.61-2.59)		<.001
	Basic cell phone		0.63 (0.52-0.77)		<.001		N/Aa
	Tablet device		3.44 (2.65-4.47)		<.001		1.36 (0.99-1.86)		.06
Number of regularly prescribed medications (≥3 vs <3)		0.75 (0.62-0.91)		.003		N/Aa
Number of doses per day (≥2 vs <2)		0.80 (0.67-0.96)		.02		N/Aa
Monthly visit frequency to a pharmacy (≥2 vs <2)		1.10 (0.88-1.38)		.41		N/Ab
Medication adherence (good vs poor)		0.76 (0.62-0.94)		.010		N/Aa
Experience using a PHR (yes vs no)		30.30 (15.90-57.80)		<.001		16.60 (8.52-32.20)		<.001

^aN/A: not applicable; variables were considered candidates in the multivariate analyses (P<.10) but were discarded from the final model.

^bN/A: not applicable; variables were not considered candidates for explanatory variables in multivariate analyses (P>.10).