Table 1. Characteristics of included studies.
| Study ID | Disease | Study type | Time | Location of the study | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wang 2020 (8) | COVID-19 | Case series | 2020.01.01–2020.01.28 | Wuhan | 138 |
| Wang 2020 (18) | COVID-19 | Case series | 2020.01.01–2020.01.28 | Hubei | 451 |
| Jiang 2020 (19) | COVID-19 | Case series | 2019.12.15–2020.02.15 | Wuhan | 41 |
| Shen 2020 (20) | COVID-19 | Case control study | 2020.01.15–2020.02.08 | Wuhan | 158 |
| Bi 2003 (21) | SARS | Case series | 2003.01.31–2003.02.17 | Guangdong | 25 |
| Dai 2004 (22) | SARS | Cross-sectional study | 203.01.18–2003.03.08 | Guangdong | 230 |
| Zou 2004 (23) | SARS | Cross-sectional study | To 2003.05 | Guangdong | 2,635 |
| Wang 2003 (24) | SARS | Cross-sectional study | 2003.01.02–2003.04.17 | Guangdong | 966 |
| Gao 2003 (25) | SARS | Cross-sectional study | 2003.05.14–2003.05.17 | Guangdong | 86 |
| Lin 2003 (26) | SARS | Cross-sectional study | To 2003.05 | Guangdong | 395 |
| Xu 2003 (27) | SARS | Cross-sectional study | 2003.01.13–2003.05.05 | Guangdong | 1,074 |
| Gao 2003 (28) | SARS | Cross-sectional study | To 2003.07.07 | – | 669 |
| Yuan 2003 (29) | SARS | Cross-sectional study | 2003.01–2003.06.20 | Shenzhen | 53 |
| Wang 2003 (30) | SARS | Cross-sectional study | 2003.04.13–2003.05.08 | Tianjin | 175 |
| Wang 2003 (31) | SARS | Cross-sectional study | 2003.04.20–2003.05.18 | Tianjin | 2,300 |
| Wu 2004 (32) | SARS | Cross-sectional study | 2003.03.27–2003.06.24 | Beijing | 1,861 |
| Huang 2003 (33) | SARS | Cross-sectional study | 2003.02.02–2002.05 | Guangdong | 454 |
| Li 2003 (34) | SARS | Cross-sectional study | 2002.12.26–2003.01.19 | Zhongshan | 29 |
| Fei 2003 (35) | SARS | Cross-sectional study | 2003.03–2003.04 | Beijing | 33 |
| Lu 2003 (36) | SARS | Case series | From 2003.04.05 | Beijing | 80 |
| He 2003 (37) | SARS | Cross-sectional study | To 2003.05.20 | Beijing | 2,444 |
| Ho 2003 (38) | SARS | Cross-sectional study | 2003.03.25–2003.05.05 | Hong Kong | 1,312 |
| Li 2003 (39) | SARS | Cross-sectional study | 2003.03.15–2003.05.18 | Beijing | 740 |
| Fowler 2003 (40) | SARS | Case series | To 2003.04.15 | Toronto | 38 |
| 164 | |||||
| Varia 2003 (41) | SARS | Cross-sectional study | – | Toronto | 128 |
| Lau 2004 (42) | SARS | Cross-sectional study | – | Hong Kong | 339 |
| Zhou 2004 (43) | SARS | Cross-sectional study | 2003.01.05–2003.05.09 | Guangdong | 1,645 |
| Chen 2006 (44) | SARS | Cross-sectional study | To 2003.07 | Singapore | 105 |
| Cooper 2009 (45) | SARS | Cross-sectional study | 2003.02.21–2003.03.28 | Beijng | 41 |
| Cross-sectional study | 2003.03.25–2003.04.12 | Beijng | 99 | ||
| Cross-sectional study | 2003.04.16–2003.05.12 | Tianjin | 91 | ||
| Oboho 2015 (46) | MERS | Cross-sectional study | 2014.01.01–2014.05.01 | Saudi Arabia | 255 |
| Xiang 2015 (47) | MERS | Cross-sectional study | 2015.5.20–2015.7.13 | South Korea | 186 |
| Assiri 2013 (48) | MERS | Case series | 2013.04.01–2013.07.12 | Saudi Arabia | 447 |
| Alenazi 2017 (49) | MERS | Cross-sectional study | 2015.07.15–2015.09.15 | Saudi Arabia | 130 |
| Memish 2015 (50) | MERS | Cross-sectional study | 2013.08.24–2013.09.03 | Saudi Arabia | 306 |
| Park 2016 (51) | MERS | Cross-sectional study | 2015.05.20–2015.07.19 | South Korea | 76 |
| 70 | |||||
| Al-Dorzi 2016 (52) | MERS | Case series | 2015.08.25–2015.09.23 | Saudi Arabia | 276 |
| Hunter 2016 (53) | MERS | Cross-sectional study | 2013.01.01–2014.05.09 | Saudi Arabia | 65 |
| Amer 2018 (54) | MERS | Cross-sectional study | 2017.03.31–2017.07.15 | Saudi Arabia | 120 |
| Cho 2016 (55) | MERS | Case series | 2015.05.27–2015.05.29 | South Korea | 1,576 |
| Hijawi 2013 (56) | MERS | Cross-sectional study | 2012.04.01–2012.09.30 | Jordan | 13 |