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. 2020 Jun 11;146(8):1–9. doi: 10.1001/jamaoto.2020.1019

Table 3. Multivariable Analysis Including the H-Index as an Independent Variable Associated With Overall Survival.

Variable HR (95% CI)
Univariable analysis Multivariable analysis
Age, y
≤60 1 [Reference] 1 [Reference]
>60 1.955 (1.631-2.343) 1.807 (1.481-2.203)
Tobacco use
Never 1 [Reference] 1 [Reference]
Ever 1.305 (1.091-1.561) 1.033 (0.850-1.255)
WUHNCIa
0 1 [Reference] 1 [Reference]
≥1 1.624 (1.363-1.936) 1.273 (1.050-1.544)
Lymphovascular invasion
Absent 1 [Reference] 1 [Reference]
Present 2.100 (1.690-2.611) 1.181 (0.922-1.512)
Perineural invasion
Absent 1 [Reference] 1 [Reference]
Present 2.209 (1.855-2.630) 1.374 (1.111-1.699)
Margin status
Negative 1 [Reference] 1 [Reference]
Close 1.544 (1.256-1.900) 1.262 (1.000-1.591)
Positive 3.051 (2.343-3.973) 1.949 (1.426-2.663)
Histologic grade
Differentiated
Well 1 [Reference] 1 [Reference]
Moderately 1.548 (1.204-1.990) 1.084 (0.808-1.454)
Poorly 2.179 (1.619-2.931) 1.035 (0.721-1.486)
pTb
pT1 1 [Reference] 1 [Reference]
pT2 1.657 (1.274-2.153) 1.197 (0.897-1.596)
pT3 2.624 (2.024-3.401) 1.309 (0.958-1.789)
pT4 4.136 (3.239-5.281) 1.582 (1.161-2.157)
pNb
pN0 1 [Reference] 1 [Reference]
pN1 1.487 (1.109-1.993) 1.264 (0.921-1.736)
pN2 2.200 (1.699-2.850) 1.594 (1.200-2.118)
pN3 5.681 (4.565-7.069) 2.966 (2.255-3.901)
H-index
≤1.4 1 [Reference] 1 [Reference]
1.5-3.5 1.474 (1.208-1.798) 1.262 (1.016-1.567)
≥3.6 3.221 (2.557-4.058) 1.988 (1.521-2.598)

Abbreviations: H-index, host index; HR, hazard ratio; WUHNCI, Washington University Head and Neck Comorbidity Index.

a

The WUHNCI scores range from 0 to 15, with higher scores indicating worse prognosis because of comorbidities.18

b

Based on the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.1