Table 3.
The association between acute myocardial infarction and in-hospital treatments, complications, outcomes, and resource utilization in heat stroke patients.
| Univariable Analysis | Multivariable Analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude Odds Ratio (95% CI) | p-Value | Adjusted Odds Ratio * (95% CI) | p-Value | |
| Treatments | ||||
| Invasive mechanical ventilation | 3.10 (2.34–4.10) | <0.001 | 4.53 (3.29–6.24) | <0.001 |
| Blood component transfusion | 4.14 (2.78–6.18) | <0.001 | 4.57 (2.97–7.04) | <0.001 |
| Renal replacement therapy | 2.48 (1.29–4.77) | 0.007 | 2.32 (1.13–4.77) | 0.02 |
| Complications and outcomes | ||||
| Hyponatremia | 0.68 (0.39–1.19) | 0.18 | 0.68 (0.39–1.20) | 0.18 |
| Hypernatremia | 1.37 (0.80–2.33) | 0.25 | 1.37 (0.80–2.36) | 0.26 |
| Hypokalemia | 0.95 (0.65–1.40) | 0.79 | 0.96 (0.64–1.42) | 0.82 |
| Hyperkalemia | 1.13 (0.59–2.19) | 0.71 | 1.11 (0.57–2.17) | 0.76 |
| Hypocalcemia | 0.59 (0.19–1.90) | 0.38 | 0.64 (0.20–2.09) | 0.46 |
| Hypercalcemia | 0.39 (0.05–2.83) | 0.39 | 0.58 (0.08–4.38) | 0.60 |
| Rhabdomyolysis | 1.32 (0.99–1.75) | 0.05 | 1.87 (1.37–2.53) | <0.001 |
| Metabolic acidosis | 1.85 (1.33–2.57) | <0.001 | 2.22 (1.57–3.15) | <0.001 |
| Metabolic alkalosis | 2.26 (0.78–6.55) | 0.13 | 1.97 (0.65–5.92) | 0.23 |
| Sepsis | 3.73 (2.43–5.74) | <0.001 | 3.31 (2.11–5.21) | <0.001 |
| Gastrointestinal bleeding | 6.26 (3.44–11.42) | <0.001 | 10.95 (3.37–35.50) | <0.001 |
| Ventricular arrhythmia/cardiac arrest | 2.97 (1.71–5.18) | <0.001 | 3.07 (1.71–5.48) | <0.001 |
| Renal failure | 1.52 (1.16–2.00) | 0.003 | 1.85 (1.38–2.47) | <0.001 |
| Respiratory failure | 3.66 (2.75–4.86) | <0.001 | 4.64 (3.39–6.35) | <0.001 |
| Circulatory failure | 1.71 (1.20–2.45) | 0.003 | 1.79 (1.24–2.59) | 0.002 |
| Liver failure | 3.42 (2.30–5.07) | <0.001 | 5.48 (3.50–8.59) | <0.001 |
| Neurological failure | 1.91 (1.41–2.57) | <0.001 | 1.96 (1.45–2.67) | <0.001 |
| Hematological failure | 2.58 (1.88–3.53) | <0.001 | 3.22 (2.28–4.55) | <0.001 |
| In-hospital mortality | 4.17 (2.79–6.22) | <0.001 | 5.21 (3.37–8.06) | <0.001 |
| Coefficient (95% CI) | p-value | Adjusted coefficient (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Resource utilization | ||||
| Length of hospital stay (days) | 3.9 (3.8–4.3) | <0.001 | 3.9 (3.0–4.8) | <0.001 |
| Hospitalization cost ($) | 39,687 (29,832–49,541) | <0.001 | 41,321 (31,465–51,177) | <0.001 |
* Adjusted for age, sex, race, smoking, alcohol drinking, obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, hypothyroidism, chronic kidney disease, chronic ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure, and atrial flutter/fibrillation.