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Comparison of the incidence rate of acute exacerbation according to annual rates of decline in Kco. Footnotes: All statistical analyses were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, pack-years smoked, baseline post-bronchodilator FEV1, exacerbation history at baseline, and use of inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β-agonists (ICS/LABA), or inhaled long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA), * p-value < 0.05.
