Table 2.

List of functional circRNAs associated with heart failure (HF). All the studies cited in the table provided both in vitro and in vivo evidence. MI, myocardial infarction.

Disease Model	Circular RNA	Gene Synonym	Model/ Species	Expression in Disease	Implication in HF	Mechanism	Ref
Hypertrophy	HRCR	Pwwp2	mouse	repressed	overexpresssion alleviates hypertrophy	sponges miR-223 to regulate ARC	[67]
	circSlc8a1	Slc8a1	mouse	unaltered	downregulation attenuates hypertrophy	Sponges miR-133	[69]
	circRNA_ 000203	Myo9a	mouse	elevated	overexpresssion aggravates hypertrophy	sponges miR-26b-5p and miR-140-3p to regulate Gata4	[72]
Dilation	circ FOXO3	Foxo3	mouse human	elevated in aged hearts	overexpresssion aggravates dilation	interacts with ID-1, E2F1, FAK and H1F1	[46]
	circAmotl	Amotl1	mouse, human	higher level in neonatal hearts	overexpresssion alleviates dilation	interacts with AKT and PDK1	[47]
MI	Cdr1as	Cdr1	mouse	elevated	overexpresssion aggravates MI	sponges miR-7a	[75]
	MFACR	Smyd4	mouse	elevated	downregulation attenuates MI	sponges miR-652-3p to regulate MTP18	[76]
	circNcx1	Slc8a1	mouse	elevated	downregulation attenuates I/R	Sponges miR-133 to regulate CDIP1	[71]
	circTtc3	Ttc3	rat	repressed	downregulation aggravates MI	sponges miR-15b-5p to regulate Arl2	[77]
	circNfix	Nfix	mouse, rat, human	elevated	downregulation alleviates MI	interacts with YBX1 and NEDD4L to degrade YBX1; sponges miR-214 to regulate Gsk3β signaling	[78]
	circFndc3b	Fndc3b	mouse, human	repressed	overexpression alleviates MI	interacts with FUS to regulate VEGF-A	[79]