Table 1.
Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the cohort.
| Characteristics | All Participants | Controls | Participants with Parkinson’s Disease | Participants with Epilepsy | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Epidemiological Characteristics | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |
| Age | 64.6 | 11.8 | 65.2 | 10.1 | 68.3 | 8.9 | 50.9 | 13.7 | |
| PHQ-9 sum score | 8.1 | 4.9 | 5.7 | 4.9 | 9.6 | 4.4 | 7.2 | 5.1 | |
| Clinical characteristics | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | |
| Gender | Male | 63 | 44.7 | 10 | 25.6 | 43 | 55.8 | 10 | 40.0 |
| Female | 78 | 55.3 | 29 | 74.4 | 34 | 44.2 | 15 | 60.0 | |
| Marital status | Single | 8 | 5.7 | 1 | 2.6 | 2 | 2.6 | 5 | 20.8 |
| Married | 106 | 75.7 | 34 | 87.2 | 62 | 80.5 | 10 | 41.7 | |
| Partnership | 10 | 7.1 | 3 | 7.7 | 2 | 2.6 | 5 | 20.8 | |
| Divorced, widowed, separated | 16 | 11.4 | 1 | 2.6 | 11 | 14.3 | 4 | 16.7 | |
| Living arrangement | Alone | 19 | 14.0 | 3 | 7.9 | 12 | 16.0 | 4 | 17.4 |
| With partner or family | 117 | 86.0 | 35 | 92.1 | 63 | 84.0 | 19 | 82.6 | |
| Occupation | Employed full-time | 16 | 11.4 | 8 | 20.5 | 3 | 3.9 | 5 | 20.0 |
| Employed part-time | 6 | 4.3 | 2 | 5.1 | 0 | 0.0 | 4 | 16.0 | |
| Unemployed | 6 | 4.3 | 2 | 5.1 | 4 | 5.3 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| Retired | 112 | 80.0 | 27 | 69.2 | 69 | 90.8 | 16 | 64.0 | |
| Education level | Low | 27 | 19.1 | 8 | 20.5 | 11 | 14.3 | 8 | 32.0 |
| Medium | 66 | 46.8 | 19 | 48.7 | 36 | 46.8 | 11 | 44.0 | |
| High | 48 | 34.0 | 12 | 30.8 | 30 | 39.0 | 6 | 24.0 | |
| Depression according to PHQ-9 | Healthy or unremarkable | 88 | 64.7 | 33 | 89.1 | 37 | 50.0 | 18 | 72.0 |
| Mild | 32 | 23.5 | 1 | 2.7 | 26 | 35.1 | 5 | 20.0 | |
| Moderately severe | 13 | 9.6 | 2 | 5.4 | 10 | 13.5 | 1 | 4.0 | |
| Severe | 3 | 2.2 | 1 | 2.7 | 1 | 1.4 | 1 | 4.0 | |
PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire-9; SD, standard deviation.