Figure 2.

Quality control of mitochondria through the generation and release of mitochondrial-derived vesicles (MDVs). Mildly oxidized mitochondria are also targeted by phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) and Parkin. This priming process, in conjunction with oxidized cardiolipin (oxoCL)-driven membrane curvatures and other unknown proteins, assists in the generation of MDVs. MDVs reach out to the endolysosomal system and form multivesicular bodies (MVBs) that are extruded from cells as extracellular vesicles.