Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and in-hospital complications of the study patients according to the occurrence of atrial fibrillation.
| Variable | Atrial Fibrillation | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No (n = 2204) | Yes (n = 241) | ||
| Age (years) | 66 ± 12 | 75 ± 10 | <0.0001 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 1647 (75%) | 159 (66%) | 0.003 |
| Body weight (kg) | 76 ± 14 | 74 ± 16 | 0.01 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 467 (21%) | 81 (34%) | <0.0001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 1398 (63%) | 194 (80%) | <0.0001 |
| Smokers, n (%) | 1191 (54%) | 98 (31%) | <0.0001 |
| Hyperlipidemia, n (%) | 1105 (50%) | 123 (51%) | 0.80 |
| Prior myocardial infarction, n (%) | 571 (26%) | 77 (32%) | 0.004 |
| Prior CABG, n (%) | 255 (12%) | 39 (16%) | 0.03 |
| Prior PCI, n (%) | 578 (26%) | 68 (28%) | 0.48 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction (%) | 51 ± 11 | 43 ± 13 | <0.0001 |
| STEMI, n (%) | 1017 (46%) | 131 (54%) | 0.01 |
| CA/PCI during hospitalization, n (%) | 2080 (95%) | 210 (87%) | <0.0001 |
| Laboratory values at hospital admission | |||
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.02 ± 0.44 | 1.23 ± 0.82 | <0.0001 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 79 ± 26 | 68 ± 26 | <0.0001 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 13.8 ± 1.8 | 13.2 ± 1.9 | <0.0001 |
| Blood glucose (mg/dL) | 147 ± 60 | 166 ± 72 | <0.0001 |
| hs-TnI (ng/L) | 400 (70–2340) | 1064 (130–6690) | 0.0001 * |
| hs-CRP (mg/L) | 3.39 (1.37–10.71) | 7.06 (2.12–36.41) | <0.0001 * |
| Medication before hospital admission | |||
| Aspirin, n (%) | 822 (37%) | 100 (41%) | 0.2 |
| Statins, n (%) | 747 (34%) | 99 (42%) | 0.02 |
| Beta-blockers, n (%) | 772 (35%) | 104 (43%) | 0.001 |
| ACE/AR blockers, n (%) | 859 (39%) | 121 (50%) | 0.001 |
| In-hospital complications | |||
| In-hospital death, n (%) | 26 (1.2%) | 13 (5.4%) | <0.0001 |
| Cardiogenic shock, n (%) | 86 (4%) | 35 (15%) | <0.0001 |
| Acute pulmonary edema, n (%) | 150 (7%) | 76 (32%) | <0.0001 |
| Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 55 (3%) | 28 (12%) | <0.0001 |
| VT/VF, n (%) | 147 (7%) | 32 (13%) | 0.0001 |
| High-degree AV block, n (%) | 69 (3%) | 18 (7%) | 0.0001 |
| Major bleeding, n (%) | 50 (2%) | 26 (11%) | <0.0001 |
| hs-TnI peak value (ng/L) | 37,442 ± 77,002 | 74,162 ± 168,968 | <0.0001 |
| Medication at hospital discharge # | |||
| Dual antiplatelet therapy, n (%) | 2014 (92%) | 209 (92%) | 0.66 |
| Statins, n (%) | 2005 (92%) | 207 (91%) | 0.50 |
| Beta-blockers, n (%) | 1702 (78%) | 175 (77%) | 0.63 |
| ACE/AR blockers, n (%) | 1401 (64%) | 133 (58%) | 0.07 |
| Oral anticoagulant | |||
| therapy, n (%) | 48 (2%) | 30 (13%) | <0.0001 |
ACE = angiotensin-converting enzyme; AR = angiotensin II receptor; AV = atrio-ventricular; CA = coronary angiography; CABG = coronary artery bypass graft; eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate; hs-CRP = high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; hs-TnI = high-sensitivity troponin I; PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention; STEMI = ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; VF = ventricular fibrillation; VT = ventricular tachycardia. * by Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test. # Percentages are calculated on the number of discharged patients.